H. Ebadi, M. Saeedian, M. Ausloos, 4, 5 and G. R. Jafari 6, 7 Bioinformatics, Institute for Computer Science, Leipzig University, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran 19839, Iran School of Management, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK eHumanities group, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts an...

OBJECTIVE Automobile dependency and longer commuting are associated with current obesity epidemic. We aimed to examine the urban-rural differential effects of neighborhood commuting environment on obesity in the US METHODS: The 1997-2005 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were linked to 2000 US Census data to assess the effects of neighborhood commuting environment: census tract-level auto...

1 Department of Pathology, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. 3 General physician, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. 4 Department of Biochemistry, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. 5 Center for research of Mol...

One of the main priorities for metro line operators is the reduction of energy consumption, due to the environmental impact and economic cost. The new moving block signalling system CBTC (Communication Based Train Control) is being installed in order to increase the transport capacity of new metro lines, and to upgrade lines equipped with the former fixed block signalling systems. In addition, ...

Line type heat detectors (LTHD) are used since many years in road tunnels for reliable fire detection. Today various systems as semiconductor sensor cables, fiber-optic sensor cables, and pneumatic copper tube systems are in use. In addition, after first pilot installations done in the last years, the demand for applications of LTHD in railroad and metro tunnels as well as in underground statio...

Increasing attention is being paid to the energy efficiency in metro systems to reduce the operational cost and to advocate the sustainability of railway systems. Classical research has studied the energy-efficient operational strategy and the energy-efficient system design separately to reduce the traction energy consumption. This paper aims to combine the operational strategies and the system...

BACKGROUND The spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems through the world. Surveillance of anti-TB drug resistance is essential for monitoring of TB control strategies. The occurrence of drug resistance, particularly multi-drug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR), defined as resistance to at least rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH), has bec...