BACKGROUND Thoracoscopic treatment of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula (EA+TEF) is accepted as a superior technique at least in cosmetic point of view but it is considered as an advance endoscopic procedure that needs a learning curve to be performed perfectly. This is the first report of Iranian group pediatric surgeons in thoracoscopic approach to EA. METHODS AND MATERIALS S...

Orphanor understudied-crops are mostly staple food crops in developing world. They are broadly classified under cereals, legumes, root crops, fruits and vegetables. These under-researched crops contribute to the diet of a large portion of resource-poor consumers and at the same time generate income for small-holder farmers in developing countries, particularly in Africa. In addition, they perfo...

Background: Ingestion of foreign bodies may result in the formation of a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), which causes severe morbidity in children. We describe four cases of TEF, who underwent emergent surgery for repair. Case presentation: In this report, we present about four patients aged between 9 months to 2.5 years, who referred due to disc battery ingestion. There were two boys and two ...

A 26-year-old lady was referred for evaluation of dysphagia. The patient had consumed 50 ml of organophosphorus (OP) components of liquid pesticide 4 months ago and was on ventilatory support with a tracheostomy tube because of OP-poisoning-induced respiratory failure. Treatment included injection of atropine, pralidoxime and other supportive care, and the patient recovered. The patient develop...

INTRODUCTION Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has gained enormous acceptance among pediatric surgeons. However, most studies on advantages of VATS do not reach a high level of evidence. According to a recent classification of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM), studies can be classified into Levels 1 to 5 in order of descending quality. We aimed to identify comparat...

Use of the dioxin toxic equivalency factor (TEF) approach in human risk assessments assumes that the combined effects of dioxin-like compounds in a mixture can be predicted based on a potency-adjusted dose-additive combination of constituents of the mixture. In this study, we evaluated the TEF approach in experimental 2-year rodent cancer bioassays with female Harlan Sprague-Dawley rats receivi...

Using a new-generation open-circuit calorimeter capable of monitoring the cost of activity, and thereby both the real thermic effect of feeding (TEF) and basal metabolism in free-moving freely-feeding rats, we have reassessed the proposal that when food intake is restricted an adaptative reduction in energy expenditure participates in the achievement of energy balance. Total energy expenditure,...

BACKGROUND Children with congenital esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) have chronic respiratory symptoms including recurrent pneumonia, wheezing and persistent cough. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical findings of a large group of children with EA and TEF surgically corrected and the instrumental investigation to which they have undergone in order to bett...