The functionality of existing cyber-physical production systems generally focuses on mapping technologic specifications derived from requirements. Consequently, such base their conception a structurally mechanistic paradigm. Insofar as these approaches have considered humans, likewise is based the identical Due to fundamental reorientation towards explicitly human-centered approaches, fact that...

The use of a digital three-dimensional (3D) exoscope system in neurosurgery is increasing as an alternative to the operative microscope. objective this study was compare 3D with standard operating microscope neurosurgical visualization tool highly challenging experimental setting. End-to-side bypass procedures, each at depth 9 cm, were performed simulation quality task and effect, visualization...

The Medical Journal of Australia ISSN: 0025729X 15 June 2009 190 12 687-688 ©The Medical Journal of Australia 2009 www.mja.com.au Health care reform system has been adept in responding to technologic our track record in responding to sociological chan and this gives cause for concern for the future. Health care use varies with age, with health care trated in t e last few years of life — typical...

The science of vaccinology was created in the late 18th and 19th centuries by "giants" of the time including Jenner, Pasteur, Koch, von Behring, Ehrlich and Lister. Relatively little technologic advance was made in the period leading to World War II except for yellow fever and influenza vaccines. Support for war efforts fueled developments which led to the modern era of vaccines of 1950 onwards...

Spinal fusion surgery techniques develop together with technologic advancements. New complications are seen as the result of new techniques and these may be very severe due to spinal cord and vascular structures in the lumbar region. The posterior lumbar interbody fusion cage (PLIFC) was shown to enhance spinal fusion and to prevent pseudoarthrosis due to its basic dynamic characteristics. PLIF...

Rapid evaluation and design space exploration at the algorithmic level are important issues in the design cycle. In this paper we propose an original area vs delay estimation methodology that targets reconfigurable architectures. Two main steps compose the estimation flow: i) the structural estimation which is technological independent and performs an automatic design space exploration and ii) ...

Respiratory failure is the leading cause of death in the neonatal period. The anatomic and functional basis for this, particularly in full-term infants, most often is persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate (PPHN). This condition is reversible but can cause very severe and unrelenting respiratory failure and ultimate death when uncontrolled. Recent technologic advances have expanded th...

Disease as a pivotal factor in determining the course of human events may be one og the least considered historical variables. When assessing the critical junctures of history, historians seem more inclined to focus on the impact of conquering armies, economic revolutions, and technologic breakthroughs. This analysis attempts to illustrate the seminal effects of the great plague of Athens. By d...

A relatively novel combination treatment for malignant brain tumors that includes focused ultrasound has been shown to improve tumor response and treatment outcome in a preclinical mouse model. This method directly addresses the great need for better treatments for this lethal disease. However, there are substantial technologic hurdles that must be addressed before clinical efficacy will be kno...

Introduction Errors in pretransfusion specimen collection, omission of appropriate transfusion filters, or co-administration of incompatible fluids with blood products could transform blood transfusion from a lifesaving measure into a life threatening event. In this chapter, we will summarize key aspects of blood component administration, with an emphasis on processes and technologic advances t...