In September 2004, the Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers officially adopted a set of standards recommended by the Multidisciplinary Ad Hoc Group of Specialists on legal, operational and technical standards for e-enabled voting [7]. This paper puts the standards in their historical context, examines them according to established software engineering principles, and finally suggests how ...

This paper focuses on the training needed by technical experts and explores the type of academic coursework as well as training that technical experts need in the field of standards and standardization.

We discuss the formation of technical standards platforms in industries with network externalities where firms are free to choose their degree of technical compatibility with competitors. In our model, firms choose affiliation to a technical standards coalition in the first stage of a game, and play an oligopoly game in the second stage. In adding itself to a technical standards coalition, a fi...

Little is known about the impact of standards on the economic development of countries which are latecomers to industrial manufacturing and innovation. Standardization is regarded primarily as a technical issue, and hence receives only limited high-level policy support. However, technical standards contribute at least as much as patents to economic growth. As a key mechanism for the diffusion o...

In this paper, we show the economic value of flexibility in standards by linking the business concept of market uncertainty to the technical aspects of designing standards and implementing network-based services based on them. We quantify our theory with a options-like model, showing how to maximize overall gain from the market's point of view when creating standards used to build network-based...

Software and systems engineering are technical and complex processes. Without guidelines, software projects can be overwhelming to novice and experienced professional engineers alike. Standards are crucial as they describe essential proficiencies, including requirements-gathering methods, interface design for human cognitive abilities, and efficient and concise quality assurance tests for softw...

The 70-year-old Frye standards of "general acceptance" were replaced by the Supreme Court's 1993 Daubert criteria of the scientific method, which established the standards for admissibility of evidence in Federal Court. The four Daubert criteria were: 1- Hypothesis testing, 2- Estimates of error rates, 3- Peer reviewed publication and 4- General acceptance (Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceutical...

Given the lack of suitable quality evaluation standards for educational serious games (designed for both entertainment and instruction), we designed a development framework for evaluation standards of educational serious games and proceeded to develop standards in accordance with our proposed procedure. Our standards were designed to evaluate the quality of both technical and non-technical elem...