This paper reviews constraints to crop production, the status of technology development and future research needs of the smallholder farms in the semi-arid areas of Zimbabwe. ZIMBABWE'S agricultural industry consists of two major sectors; the large-scale commercial and the smallholder (communal) sectors. Prior to 1980 production from the communal sector was largely for subsistence requirements....

This paper employs a the variable returns to scale DEA model to take account of risky assets and estimate the operating efficiencies for the 21 domestic listed securities firms during the period 2005-2009. Evidence is found that on average the brokerage securities firms’ operating efficiencies are better than integrated securities firms. Evidence is also found that the technical inefficiency fr...

Of the several mechanisms that can bring about efficient resource use, the most widelyapplicable one is intercropping systems that can make better use of resources. The aim of thisstudy was to evaluate resource capture and resource use efficiency in transgenic cotton-peanutintercropping system and in their respective sole crops with using 25-50% substitution ofrecommended dose of nitrogen (RDN)...

introduction the high energy consumption is one of the serious problems in poultry industry. the poultry industry consume about five percent of total energy sources in different countries, with consideration of losses, it increases up to 16-20%. in the year 2003 also, the iranian chicken meat consumption per capita was 13.3 kg, while in the year 2013 it increased to 25.9 kg (fao, 2014). it show...

background: topical anesthesia has been widely advocated as an important component of atraumatic administration of intraoral local anesthesia. the aim of this study was to use direct observation of children’s behavioral pain reactions during local anesthetic injection using cotton-roll vibration method compared with routine topical anesthesia. materials and methods: forty-eight children partici...

The aim of this article is to investigate issues related to technical efficiency and scale of dairy farms in south-western Victoria, Australia. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is the technique used and is applied to a sample of 59 farms in the 1999-2000 lactating season. The key result is that 51 per cent of the farms are operating at optimal scale, 34 per cent are below and 15 per cent are abo...

In certain contexts, dairy firms are supplied by small-scale family farms. Firms provide a set of technical and economic recommendations meant to help farmers meet their requirements in terms of the quantity and quality of milk collected. This study analyzes how such recommendations may be adopted by studying six farms in Brazil. All farms are beneficiaries of the country's agrarian reforms, bu...