Subsidies and Exports in Germany: First Evidence from Enterprise Panel Data We use newly available representative panel data for manufacturing enterprises in West and East Germany to investigate the link between production-related subsidies and exports. We document that only a small fraction of enterprises is subsidized, and that exports and subsidies are positively related. Using a matching ap...

There is general agreement that many, if not most, fisheries subsidies are detrimental to effective resource management. There is not, however, general agreement about subsidies used for decommissioning/buyback purposes. One school of thought argues that such subsidies can have a positive impact upon resource management, by removing excess fleet capacity from the fisheries. An opposing school o...

This paper introduces a new type of R&D subsidy, which is conditional on the success of the R&D project. In a threestage model, the government chooses a subsidy(ies) in the first stage; in the second stage, a monopolist chooses R&D effort which determines the size or the probability of success of the R&D project; in the last stage, the firm chooses its output. It is found that conditional subsi...

At the beginning of 2011, the Islamic Republic of Iran underwent a Scheme called “Subsidies Targeting”. This scheme meant to replace subsidies on goods and services especially energy, which had kept prices low for decades, with a monthly refund to every resident as a compensation plan. Considering the magnitude of price change up to ten times and the important role of Energy carriers in product...

This article describes four options for financing health care for residents of the state of Oregon and compares the projected impacts and feasibility of each option. The Single Payer option and the Health Care Ingenuity Plan would achieve universal coverage, while the Public Option would add a state-sponsored plan to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Marketplace. Under the Status Quo option, Oregon...

The Irish Climate Action Plan published in 2019 outlines the significant role that agriculture will have to take achieve a national reduction greenhouse gas emissions Ireland. Recent growth agricultural sector, especially of bovine population, however, has led continuous increase emissions. For sector meet its potential, emission targets could be challenging. model CAPRI is used investigate imp...

The Volcker task force on tax reform, part of the President’s Economic Recovery Advisory Board, faces a daunting task that is made materially more difficult by ex ante constraints placed on its purview and recommendations. Broad-based reform proposals seem to be out of the question, and distributional constraints appear to eliminate many serious ideas. Nevertheless, I believe that significant t...

On the basis of clarifying participants in supply chain financial credit market and their behaviors, we use evolutionary game theory to construct a tripartite model for small medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), core institutions government subsidy environment, analyze equilibrium point. We also numerical simulation influence changes subsidies other factors different initial conditions on results. ...

The strategic effects of subsidies on output and subsidies on investment differ substantiaily in dynamic models where a government's commitment ability is limited. Output subsidies remain effective even as the period of commitment vanishes, but investment subsidies may become completely ineffective. This difference has been obscured because most existing models of strategic trade policy are sta...