The probability for a complication after radiotherapy is usually a function of dose and volume in the organ or tissue of interest. In most epidemiological studies the risk for a complication is stratified in terms of dose, but not irradiated volume. We show that the obtained risk cannot generally be applied to radiotherapy patients.The epidemiological data of Darby et al. (N Engl J Med 368:2527...

Recent data show that axillary coverage can be obtained, but only through a selective CT-based treatment planning, as standard tangential fields are inadequate to deliver therapeutic doses. Currently, the replacement of axillary dissection with new techniques, such as sentinel node (SN) biopsy, makes it necessary to re-address the question about the real role of axillary irradiation, complicate...

The present investigation deals with the deformation in micropolar generalized thermoelastic medium with mass diffusion subjected to thermo mechanical loading due to thermal laser pulse. Laplace and Fourier transform technique is used to solve the problem. Concentrated normal force and thermal source are taken to illustrate the utility of approach. The closed form expressions of normal stress, ...

background: it was intended to investigate the effect of physical wedge (pw) and enhanced dynamic wedges (edw) on contralateral breast dose during primary breast irradiation in radiotherapy treatment, using high energy photon beams. materials and methods: the varian’s clinac dual mode linear accelerator model 2100 c/d and siemen’s primus accelerators were used for radiation doses with 6 mv and ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) geometric distortions when using MRI for target delineation and planning for whole-breast, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Residual system distortions and combined systematic and patient-induced distortions are considered. This retrospective study investigated 18 patients who underwent whole-breas...

Background: Due to the current trends towards replacing axillary dissection with radiotherapy, the need for more precise definition for different nodal stations becomes a must to ensure safe and adequate dose coverage. So, our study aimed to evaluate the coverage of axillary nodal volumes based on Project on Cancer of the Breast (PROCAB) guidelines, for cases previously treated with our standar...

The effects of radiotherapy on lung function, ventilation/perfusion scans, and chest radiography were studied prospectively in 15 patients who underwent either modified radical mastectomy or tumorectomy, followed by radiotherapy for breast cancer. In all patients, pulmonary function studies, chest x-ray films, and lung scintigraphic studies were performed prior to and at the end of radiotherapy...