—Multicellular filaments from the ca. 1200-Ma Hunting Formation (Somerset Island, arctic Canada) are identified as bangiacean red algae on the basis of diagnostic cell-division patterns. As the oldest taxonomically resolved eukaryote on record Bangiomorpha pubescens n. gen. n. sp. provides a key datum point for constraining protistan phylogeny. Combined with an increasingly resolved record of o...

Latitudinal patterns in herbivory, i.e. variations in plant losses to animals with latitude, are generally explained by temperature gradients. However, earlier studies suggest that geographical variation in abundance and diversity of gall-makers may be driven by precipitation rather than by temperature. To test the above hypothesis, we examined communities of eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoid...

In the present study, we tested in vitro different parts of 35 plants used by tribals of the Similipal Biosphere Reserve (SBR, Mayurbhanj district, India) for the management of infections. From each plant, three extracts were prepared with different solvents (water, ethanol, and acetone) and tested for antimicrobial (E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans); anthelmintic (C. elegans); and antiviral (en...

Toxicity studies of crude aqueous ethanolic extract of the roots of Hemidesmus indicus var. pubescens R. Br. Was carried out in two growth phases. The drug was administered orally and intra-peritonealy. It was found to possess nonspecific changes in liver. The results are discussed in detail.

Background and objectives: Betulinic acid (BA), oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) are well-known pentacyclic triterpenoids (PTs), which are produced by plants. They possess a variety of beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antitumor, anti-HIV, antimicrobial, gastroprotective, and antihyperlipidemic activities. In the present study, quantitative determination...

The corrosion inhibition and adsorption (CIA) performance of the aqueous extracts of Aaronsohnia pubescens aerial parts (Odorized aqueous extract (OE) and Deodorized aqueous extract (DE)) on the corrosion mild steel (MS) in 1M hydrochloric acid were evaluated. It is based on the weight loss (WL) analysis, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters, and electrochemical methods both stationary (Potenti...

Objective: To screen anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of seeds of Holarrhena pubescens using in vivo models for acute and chronic inflammation. Methods: Dried seeds of Holarrhena pubescens were extracted with ethanol and the extract (HPE) were then screened to investigate the presence of phytconstituents by preliminary phytochemical tests. The median lethal dose (LD50) of the tes...

1. Ecosystem retrogression, the decline-phase of ecosystem development, occurs during the long-term absence of catastrophic disturbance. It usually involves increased nutrient limitation over time, and leads to reductions in primary productivity, decomposition, and nutrient cycling. 2. As a consequence, retrogression can alter the quality and abundance of host plants as food resources, but litt...

background and objectives: betulinic acid (ba), oleanolic acid (oa) and ursolic acid (ua) are well-known pentacyclic triterpenoids (pts), which are produced by plants. they possess a variety of beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antitumor, anti-hiv, antimicrobial, gastroprotective, and antihyperlipidemic activities. in the present study, quantitative determination...