introduction there are significant differences in the spatial distribution of the iran annual precipitation. this is resulted from spatial behavior of precipitation in the one hand and variation in the sources of precipitation on the other. the lack of adequate distribution of meteorological stations and the unavailability of long-term statistics of precipitation makes the analysis of precipita...

in this study two intelligent systems, based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (anfis) and artificial neural networks (anns) of forecasting municipal solid wastes (msw) generation has been proposed. anfis and anns as an intelligent tool compared with together was used to monthly prediction of msw generated in tehran. monthly amount of solid wastes (sw), total monthly precipitation, mont...

introduction numerous studies have demonstrated the relationship between the amount of co2 in the atmosphere and climate change. in this respect, developed countries have an undeniable role and cause serious damage to earth environment throughout the world. ipcc’ forth evaluation report implies that adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere during recent decades prevents the heat rays to emit w...

G a u g e i n v a r i a n c e i s t h e b a s i s o f t h e m o d e r n t h e o r y o f e l e c t r o w e a k a n d s t r o n g i n t e r a c t i o n s ( t h e s o c a l l e d S t a n d a r d M o d e l ) . T h e r o o t s o f g a u g e i n v a r i a n c e g o b a c k t o t h e y e a r 1 8 2 0 w h e n e l e c t r o m a g n e t i s m w a s d i s c o v e r e d a n d t h e f i r s t e l e c t r o d...

W e u s u a l l y t h i n k o f p l a n s a s l i n e a r sequences o f a c t i o n s . T h i s i s b e c a u s e p l a n s a r e u s u a l l y e x e c u t e d one s t e p a t a t i m e . Bu t p l a n s t h e m s e l v e s a r e n o t c o n s t r a i n e d b y l i m i t a t i o n s o f l i n e a r i t y . T h i s p a p e r d e s c r i b e s a new i n f o r m a t i o n s t r u c t u r e , c a l ...

T h i s p a p e r p r e s e n t s a n e w t e x t u r e a n a l y s i s m e t h o d i n c o r p o r a t i n g w i t h t h e p r o p e r t i e s o f b o t h t h e g ray l eve l c o o c c u r r e n c e m a t r i x ( G L C M ) a n d t e x t u r e s p e c t r u m (TS) m e t h o d s . T h e c o o c c u r r e n c e f ea tu res e x t r a c t e d f r o m t h e c r o s s d i a g o n a l t e x t u r e m ...

g e n e r a l o b s e r v a t i o n ( i n W U P P E R a n d M E I J E R , 1 9 9 7 a , b ) , w h i c h i s s u b s e q u e n t l y r e f i n e d a n d d e t a i l e d . T h i s l e a d s t o d e f i n i t i o n s o f a c o n s i s t e n t s e t o f n o t i o n s w i t h r e s p e c t t o w h i c h i m p o r t a n t a s p e c t s o f a r a t i o n a l d e s i g n p r o c e s s c a n b e u n d e r...

F o r e s t v e g e t a t i o n , e s p e c i a l l y t r e e r o o t s , h e l p s s t a b i l i z e h i l l s l o p e s by r e i n f o r c i n g s o i l s h e a r s t r e n g t h . To e v a l u a t e t h e e f f e c t of t r e e r o o t s on s l o p e s t a b i l i t y , i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e amount o f r o o t s and t h e i r s t r e n g t h s h o u l d b e known. A s i m u l...

this research was aimed to investgate the effect of light quality on micropropagation of pear rootstock oh×f333. first, single nodes explants were cultured in modified ql medium containing ba at four levels (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/l-1) and iaa at three levels (0, 0.1, and 1 mg/l-1) and were evaluated for shoot proliferation. then, plantlets subcultured in modified ql medium containing 1 mg/l-1 ba ...

R e a s o n i n g , P r o c e e d i n g s E C A I 9 8 , p p . 3 8 3 – 3 8 7 . [ J u n g , e t a l . , 1 9 9 6 ] C . G . J u n g , K . F i s c h e r a n d A . B u r t , M u l t i A g e n t P l a n n i n g U s i n g a n A b d u c t i v e E v e n t C a l c u l u s , D F K I R e p o r t R R 9 6 0 4 ( 1 9 9 6 ) , D F K I , G e r m a n y . [ K a k a s , e t a l . , 1 9 9 8 ] A . C . K a k a s , A . M...