Hutter's universal artificial intelligence (AI) showed how to define future AI systems by mathematical equations. Here we adapt those equations to define a self-modeling framework, where AI systems learn models of their own calculations of future values. Hutter discussed the possibility that AI agents may maximize rewards by corrupting the source of rewards in the environment. Here we propose a...

Let ai, bi, i = 0, 1, 2, . . . be drawn uniformly and independently from the unit interval, and let t be a fixed real number. Let a site (i, j) ∈ N be open if ai + bj ≤ t, and closed otherwise. We obtain a simple, exact expression for the probability Θ(t) that there is an infinite path (oriented or not) of open sites, containing the origin. Θ(t) is continuous and has continuous first derivative...

We give a characterization of the ”uniform closure” of the dual of a C-algebra. Some applications in harmonic analysis are given. 1. Four topologies on the unit ball of a C-algebra Let A be a C-algebra and P (A),S(A),A1, and A denote the pure state space, state space, closed dual unit ball, and the dual of A, respectively, all equipt with the w-topology. Let A1denote the closed unit ball of A. ...

an appropriate differentiation of distinct human cd4+ t cell subset is critical for manipulating these cells for using in immunity related diseases. despite various attempts to clarify the role of different factors involved in th17 differentiation, many crucial contradictions yet remained to be optimized. although it has been shown that the differentiation of in-vitro th17 cells culture conditi...

The d-dimensional Slepian Gaussian random field {S(t), t ∈ R+} is a mean zero Gaussian process with covariance function ES(s)S(t) = ∏d i=1 max(0, ai − |si − ti|) for ai > 0 and t = (t1, · · · , td) ∈ R+. Small ball probabilities for S(t) are obtained under the L2-norm on [0, 1]d, and under the sup-norm on [0, 1]2 which implies Talagrand’s result for the Brownian sheet. The method of proof for t...

Let t, n be integers with n ≥ 3t. For t ≥ 3, we prove that in any family of at least t4n2 ) triples from an n-element set X, there exist 2t triples A1, B1, A2, B2, . . . , At, Bt and distinct elements a, b ∈ X such that Ai ∩Aj = {a} and Bi ∩Bj = {b}, for all i 6= j, and Ai ∩Bj = { Ai − {a} = Bj − {b} for i = j ∅ for i 6= j. When t = 2, we improve the upper bound t ( n 2 ) to 3 ( n 2 ) + 6n. Thi...

An elector sits on each vertex of an infinite tree of degree k, and has to decide between two alternatives. At each time step, each elector switches to the opinion of the majority of her neighbors. We analyze this majority process when opinions are initialized to independent and identically distributed random variables. In particular, we bound the threshold value of the initial bias such that t...

Background: The goal of this study was to empirically examine the degree which alcohol use and drinking motives changed during first month pandemic individual differences associated with such changes. Methods: A U.S. nationwide survey 500 adults conducted; data from 201 individuals (Mage=38.98, SD=12.04, 52.2% female, 76.1% White) who endorsed current were included in study. Results: Paired-sam...

Gerards and Seymour conjectured that every graph with no odd Kt minor is (t − 1)-colorable. This a strengthening of the famous Hadwiger’s Conjecture. Geelen et al. proved $$O(t\sqrt {\log t} )$$ -colorable. Using methods present authors Postle recently developed for coloring graphs minor, we make first improvement on this bound by showing O(t(logt)β)-colorable β > 1/4.

BACKGROUND Aortic insufficiency (AI) following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement can affect device performance. The aim of this study was to examine AI development following LVAD implantation. METHODS AND RESULTS Echocardiograms (n=315) from 78 subjects undergoing HeartMate-XVE (n=25 [32%]) or HeartMate-II (n=53 [68%]) implantations from 2004 to 2008 were reviewed. Studies were ...