In chloroform solution, the syn/anti rotamer ratios for N-(2-pyridyl)carbamates, 3, and N-phenylcarbamates, 4, are close to 0.05. Addition of the double hydrogen bonding acetic acid moderately stabilizes the syn rotamer of 4, but has no measurable effect on the syn/anti ratio for 3. Conversely, the hydrogen bond donor-acceptor-donor triad in 2,6-bis(octylamido)pyridine, 1, strongly stabilizes t...

A review of species of the genus Neopsocopsis Badonnel, 1936 is presented. Four species are redescribed, viz. Neopsocopsis hirticornis (Reuter, 1893), Neopsocopsis quinquedentata (Li & Yang, 1988), Neopsocopsis profunda (Li, 1995), and Neopsocopsis flavida (Li, 1989), as well as the description of one new species, Neopsocopsis convexasp. n. Seven new synonymies are proposed as follows: Pentabla...

OBJECTIVE While evidence for oxidative injury is frequently detected in brains of humans affected by Parkinson's disease (PD) and in relevant animal models, there is uncertainty regarding its cause. We tested the potential role of catalase in the oxidative injury that characterizes PD. METHODS Utilizing brains of A53T α-Syn and ntg mice, and cultured cells, we analyzed catalase activity and e...

Phosphorylated alpha-synuclein (p-α-syn) containing Lewy bodies (LBs) and Lewy neurites (LNs) are neuropathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD) in the central nervous system (CNS). Since they have been also demonstrated in the enteric nervous system (ENS) of PD patients, the aim of the study was to analyze enteric p-α-syn positive aggregates and intestinal gene expression. Submucosal ...

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) are key components of the cell membrane and extracellular matrix of skeletal muscle cells. Two major groups of membrane-associated HSPG found in skeletal muscle are syndecans (SYN) and glypicans (GPC), both of which can regulate growth factor activities and, thus, modulate cell proliferation and differentiation. In the current study, the mRNA expression of a...

The main molecule of the title compound, C(37)H(36)·CDCl(3), is a hydro-carbon with two naphthalene segments attached to opposite ends of a rigid norbornylogous spacer with an overall structure that is approximately C-shaped. The dihedral angle between the naphthalene ring planes is 9.27 (7)°. The cleft that exists between the naphthalene rings is large enough that the compound crystallizes wit...

Familial Parkinson's disease (PD) has been linked to point mutations and duplication of the α-synuclein (α-syn) gene. Mutant α-syn expression increases the vulnerability of neurons to exogenous insults. In this study, we developed a new PD model in the transgenic mice expressing mutant hemizygous (hemi) or homozygous (homo) A53T α-synuclein (α-syn Tg) and their wildtype (WT) littermates by trea...

α-Synuclein (α-syn) is a synaptic protein in which four mutations (A53T, A30P, E46K and gene triplication) have been found to cause an autosomal dominant form of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is also the major component of intraneuronal protein aggregates, designated as Lewy bodies (LBs), a prominent pathological hallmark of PD. How α-syn contributes to LB formation and PD is still not well-unde...

Accumulation of α‑synuclein (α‑SYN) is a common pathology for Parkinson's disease (PD). There is abundant evidence that the toxic‑gain‑of‑function of α‑SYN's is associated with aggregation and consequent effects. To assess the potential of chondroitin sulfate (CS) in this regard, the present study investigated its neuroprotective on SH‑SY5Y cells overexpressing wild‑type (WT) or A53T mutant α‑S...

R-(-)-β-O-methylsynephrine (OMe-Syn) is a naturally occurring small molecule that was identified in a previous screen as an inhibitor of angiogenesis. In this study, we conducted two animal model experiments to investigate the in vivo antiangiogenic activity of OMe-Syn. OMe-Syn significantly inhibited angiogenesis in a transgenic zebrafish model as well as in a mouse retinopathy model. To eluci...