Severe meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) in newborns is often treated by exogenous surfactant. Because its efficacy is reduced by meconium-induced inflammation, glucocorticoid budesonide was added into surfactant preparation Curosurf to enhance efficacy of the surfactant therapy in experimental model of MAS. Oxygen-ventilated rabbits were intratracheally given meconium (25 mg/ml, 4 ml/kg) to i...

The sal inity tolerance (precipitation phase boundary) is measured for a mixed anionic/nonionic surfactant sy s t em above the CMC. For any total surfactant concentration, the salinity tolerance is shown to increase as the percentage of nonionic surfactant in the s y s t e m is increased. A model is developed which can predict the phase houndaries for the mixed surfactant s y s t e m from the p...

Secretion of pulmonary surfactant by alveolar epithelial type II cells is vital for the reduction of interfacial surface tension, thus preventing lung collapse. To study secretion dynamics, rat alveolar epithelial type II cells were cultured on elastic membranes and cyclically stretched. The amounts of phosphatidylcholine, the primary lipid component of surfactant, inside and outside the cells,...

IN THE REPORT FROM MELTON ET AL., one of the current articles in focus (Ref. 21, see p. L543 in this issue), they use genetically engineered mice to demonstrate that at least 25% of normal surfactant protein B production is required for adult pulmonary function. With the use of doxycycline-regulated, compound-conditional knockout murine lineages, the authors show that genetic disruption of surf...

The cloud point of the surfactant tetrabutylammonium dodecyl sulfate is shown to be a function of the tetrabutylammonium counterion concentration in the aqueous phase whether the counterions are provided by the surfactant or both the surfactant and added tetrabutylammonium bromide. The micellized surfactant dissociates 17% of its counterions to aqueous phase.

AIMS To test the hypothesis that lavage with exogenous surfactant before partial liquid ventilation in meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) would improve debris removal, and therefore the effectiveness of partial liquid ventilation. METHODS 12 newborn piglets were randomised into 4 groups, partial liquid ventilation or gas ventilation, with and without surfactant lavage. Physiological and blood...

The present study deals with the determination of hydrodynamic size of DNA/cationic gemini surfactant complex in sodium bromide solution using the dynamic light scattering method. Cationic gemini surfactants with polymethylene spacer of variable length were used for the interaction with DNA. The scattering experiments were performed at constant DNA and sodium bromide concentrations and variable...

The hydrophobic surfactant proteins B (SP-B) and C (SP-C) are tightly bound to phospholipids. These proteins play important roles in maintaining the surface tension-lowering properties of pulmonary surfactant. Surfactant protein A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) are extremely hydrophilic and are thought to have a role in recycling surfactant and especially in improving host defense in the lung. Moreover, S...

wettability alteration is an important method for increasing oil recovery from oil-wet carbonatereservoirs. chemical agents like surfactants are known as wettability modifiers in carbonate systems.oil can be recovered from initially oil-wet carbonate reservoirs by wettability alteration from oil-wetto water-wet condition with adding dilute surfactant and electrolyte solutions. this paper invest...