gonu storm was formed in tropical basin of indian ocean early in june 2007. gonu is the strongest tropical cyclone that happened in arabian sea and north indian ocean and moved toward oman sea and persian gulf and bouncing the lands around the area. this tropical cyclone made extensive damages and human and financial causalities to countries of oman, iran, afghanistan, pakistan, and india. in t...

Purely elastic, partially and fully plastic stress states in a thick-walled spherical pressure vessel with an inner functionally graded material (FG) coating subjected to internal and external pressures are developed analytically in this paper. The modulus of elasticity and the uniaxial yield limit of the FG coating layer are considered to vary nonlinearly through the thickness. Using Tresca’s ...

the narrow operating window between pore pressure and fracture pressure makes drilling difficult in some operations. a feasibility study of managed pressure drilling (mpd) is carried out on iran darquain oil field. the previous wells drilled in this field showed that mud returns were lost during drilling gadvan formation. the present work addresses this problem by means of surface back pressure...

The effect of varying local skin temperature on surface pressure-induced changes in skin perfusion and deformation was determined in hairless fuzzy rats (13.5+/-3 mo, 474+/-25 g). Skin surface pressure was applied by a computer-controlled plunger with corresponding skin deformation measured by a linear variable differential transformer while a laser Doppler flowmeter measured skin perfusion. In...

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of landing surface on plantar kinetics during a half-squat landing. Twenty male elite paratroopers with formal parachute landing training and over 2 years of parachute jumping experience were recruited. The subjects wore parachuting boots in which pressure sensing insoles were placed. Each subject was instructed to jump off a platform with ...

The possibility that surface tension may affect the hydrostatic transmural pressure of pulmonary vessels and the development of pulmonary edema was studied in anesthetized, open-chested dogs. Isogravimetric pressure (the static intravascular pressure at which transmural osmotic and hydrostatic pressures are balanced such that net fluid flux is zero and lung weight is constant) was measured in n...