The onset of infections by Leishmania parasites mainly caused by amastigote growth inside the macrophages. One of the important properties of lesion-derived amastigote is thought to be the attachment of various host proteins including immunoglobulins on the surface of amastigote. In this study, the presence of immunoglobulins on the surface of lesion-derived amastigotes was detected by Western ...

Modeling landscape with high-resolution digital elevation data (DEM) in a geographic information system can provide essential morphological and structural information for modeling surface processes such as geomorphologic process and water systems. This paper introduces several DEM-based spatial analysis processes applied to characterize spatial distribution and interactions of ground and surfac...

A method for lossy compression of genus-0 surfaces is presented. Geometry, texture and other surface attributes are incorporated in a unified manner. The input surfaces are represented by surfels (surface elements), i.e., by a set of disks with attributes. Each surfel, with its attribute vector, is optimally mapped onto a sphere in the sense of geodesic distance preservation. The resulting sphe...

The rational cubic function with three parameters has been extended to rational bi-cubic function to visualize the shape of regular convex surface data. The rational bi-cubic function involves six parameters in each rectangular patch. Data dependent constraints are derived on four of these parameters to visualize the shape of convex surface data while other two are free to refine the shape of s...

BACKGROUND Understanding which attributes of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening tests drive older adults' test preferences and choices may help improve decision making surrounding CRC screening in older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS To explore older adults' preferences for CRC-screening test attributes and screening tests, we conducted a survey with a discrete choice experiment (DCE), a direct...

We present simulation-based studies of the use of compressively sensed spectral-polarimetric spatial image data from a solar-illuminated reflecting surface to recover its material signature, three-dimensional (3D) shape, pose, and degree of surface roughness. The spatial variations of the polarimetric BRDF around glint points contain unique information about the shape and roughness of the refle...

catalytically graphitized electrospun carbon nanofibers adorned uniformly with fine nickel nanoparticles were successfully prepared. the procedure was based on the electrospinning technique and the use of nickel precursor to create both graphitized nanofibers and nickel nanoparticles under a relatively low-temperature heat treatment. the x-ray diffraction and raman results clearly proved cataly...

The formation of multi-species feeding flocks (MSFFs) through visual recruitment is considered an important strategy for obtaining food in seabirds and its functionality has been ascribed to enhanced foraging efficiency. Its use has been demonstrated in much of the world's oceans and includes numerous species. However, there is scant information on the temporal stability of the composition and ...