in an arid country like kuwait with harsh and hot climate conditions, the scarcity of fresh water supplies presents a serious threat to sustainable socio-economic development and growth. kuwait is an oil rich country with capital abundance and coastal locations enabled it to build desalination plants for fresh water production that is sold to the customers at highly subsidized prices. however, ...

Water scarcity is rapidly increasing in many regions. In a novel, multi-model assessment, we examine how human interventions (HI: land use and land cover change, man-made reservoirs and human water use) affected monthly river water availability and water scarcity over the period 1971-2010. Here we show that HI drastically change the critical dimensions of water scarcity, aggravating water scarc...

Supply chain information is invaluable to further regionalize product life cycle assessments (LCAs), but detailed linking production and consumption centers not always available. We introduce the commodity supply mix (CSM) defined as trade-volume-weighted average representing combined geographic areas for of a exported given market with goal (1) enhancing relevance inventory impact regionalizat...

Currently, Phuket Island is facing water scarcity because demand for consumption was approximately 51 million m3/year, whereas supply only about 46 m3/year. Thus, the study of supply, and balancing are important effective resources management. This aims to simulate LULC data using CLUE-S model, estimate SWAT calculate a footprint basis on Island. In addition, tourist separately estimated under ...

Smaller than a credit card, the HPLC-Chip/ MS combines high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, which determines the composition of a molecule. With this chip, scientists can identify proteins within minutes to a few hours and easily reproduce their results. The chip also has potential uses with tiny samples in drug development, food safety and environmental monitoring. Fro...

Freshwater scarcity is increasingly perceived as a global systemic risk. Previous global water scarcity assessments, measuring water scarcity annually, have underestimated experienced water scarcity by failing to capture the seasonal fluctuations in water consumption and availability. We assess blue water scarcity globally at a high spatial resolution on a monthly basis. We find that two-thirds...

The impact of global phosphorus scarcity on food security has increasingly been the focus of scientific studies over the past decade. However, systematic analyses of alternative futures for phosphorus supply and demand throughout the food system are still rare and provide limited inclusion of key stakeholders. Addressing global phosphorus scarcity requires an integrated approach exploring poten...

Since the second half of the 20th century, various devices have been developed in order to reduce the emissions of harmful substances at the exhaust pipe of combustion engines. In the automotive field, the most diffuse and best known device of this kind is the “three way” catalytic converter for engines using the Otto cycle designed to abate the emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and...