Ground-based multichannel microwave radiometers (GMRs) can observe the atmospheric radiation brightness temperature at K-bands and V-bands provide humidity profiles with a relatively high temporal resolution. Currently, are operated in many countries to profiles. However, theoretical analysis showed that radiometer be used solar radiation. In this work, we improved control algorithm software of...

A large fraction of major flares occur in active regions that exhibit a configuration. The formation and disintegration of configurations is very important in understanding the evolution of photospheric magnetic fields. In this paper we study the relationship between the change in spot structures and associated major flares. We present a new observational result that part of penumbral segments ...

We study the current-driven kink instability with a three-dimensional MHD spectral code, under conditions appropriate for the convection zone of the Sun. Our goal is to determine whether the kink instability can explain the unusual morphology of certain ““ d-spot ÏÏ active regions. The characteristics of these d-spots are unusually large tilt upon emergence, subsequent rotation, compactness dur...

This paper shows that imperfect competition can be a rich source of sunspots equilibria and coordination failures. This is demonstrated in a dynamic general equilibrium model that has no major distortions except imperfect competition. In the absence of fundamental shocks, the model has a unique certainty (fundamental) equilibrium. But there is also a continuum of stochastic (sunspots) equilibri...

Abstract A solar active region is a source of disturbance for the Sun–terrestrial space environment and usually causes extreme weather, such as geomagnetic storms. The main indicator an sunspots. Certain types sunspots are related to weather caused by eruptive events coronal mass ejections or flares. Thus, automatic classification sunspot groups helpful predict activity quickly accurately. This...

This paper uses a stylised asset-pricing model to show that sunspots may cause asset returns to be predictable, a widely documented feature of many speculative markets. This result parallels and extends previous works showing that sunspots render asset prices excessively volatile. Journal of Economic Literature Classi…cation Numbers: D84, E44, G12

Accurate prediction of ionospheric parameters is crucial for telecom-munication companies. These parameters strongly rely on solar activity. In this paper, we analyze the use of neural networks for sunspots time series prediction. Three types of models are tested and experimental results are reported for a particular sunspots time series: the IR5 index.

We developed an automated method for sunspot detection using digital white-light solar images to achieve a performance similar that of visual drawing observations in counting. To identify down small, isolated spots correctly, we pay special attention the accurate derivation quiet-disk component Sun, which is used as reference sunspots threshold. This threshold determined adaptive process obtain...

The paper ...nds empirical evidence on the ripple e¤ect of sunspots on the interwar German economy. It identi...es a sequence of negative shocks to expectations for the 1927 to 1932 period. The arti...cial economy predicts the 1928-1932 depression and a long boom from 1933 onwards. Overall, a tangible fraction of interwar output volatility is attributed for by sunspots.