We provide several tests to determine whether a game is a potential game or whether it is a zero-sum equivalent game—a game which is strategically equivalent to a zero-sum game in the same way that a potential game is strategically equivalent to a common interest game. We present a unified framework applicable for both potential and zero-sum equivalent games by deriving a simple but useful char...

Two types of Dictator Game experiments involving repetition of play, role switching and outside options are studied. When players switch roles during the game, a significantly larger portion of the available surplus is claimed by Dictators and results conform more closely to predictions of self-interested subgame perfection than in previous Dictator Game studies. Outside options are frequently ...

AIM To analyze the problem of gambling games distribution among the students. METHODS The research was done on a sample of 2370 students of secondary schools in the municipalities of Zenica and Kakanj, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The survey research method and theoretical and comparative methods were applied. Sociodemographic data were analyzed, information about parents' knowledge of involvement...

This short note demonstrates how one can define a transformation of a non-zero sum game into a zero sum, so that the optimal mixed strategy achieving equilibrium always exists. The transformation is equivalent to introduction of a passive player into a game (a player with a singleton set of pure strategies), whose payoff depends on the actions of the active players, and it is justified by the l...

AIM To investigate co-occurrence and shared personality characteristics of problematic computer gaming, problematic gambling and substance use. METHODS Cross-sectional survey data were collected from 2,553 German students aged 12-25 years. Self-report measures of substance use (alcohol, tobacco and cannabis), problematic gambling (South Oaks Gambling Screen - Revised for Adolescents, SOGS-RA)...

This study tries to answer the research objectives, namely find out how influence of Price Perception and Game Features on Online Virtual Item Purchase Decisions. The results hypothesis testing using multiple regression analysis with two independent variables one dependent variable indicate that: proposed H1 states that has no effect Decisions, it can be seen if tcount value is 0.896 or less th...

The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) has been widely used in the assessment of neurological patients with frontal lesions. Emphasis has been placed on the complexity of the task (i.e., four decks of varying contingency pattern) with the suggestion that the participant must use emotion-based learning to deal with a complex decision-making process. The present study used a single deck card game (the Bang...

Humans react strongly to unfairness, sometimes rejecting inequitable proposals even if this sacrifices personal financial gain. Here we explored whether emotional dispositions--trait tendencies to experience positive or negative feelings--shape the rejection of unfair financial offers. Participants played an Ultimatum Game, where the division of a sum of money is proposed and the player can acc...

The strong reciprocity model of the evolution of human cooperation has gained some acceptance, partly on the basis of support from experimental findings. The observation that unfair offers in the ultimatum game are frequently rejected constitutes an important piece of the experimental evidence for strong reciprocity. In the present study, we have challenged the idea that the rejection response ...