In one event, Chinese male individuals accidentally exposed to unknown chemicals and emerged erythema or blisters on contacted organism derma, then hospitalized. To identify the causative agents, blood, urine and exudate samples were collected from the patients during the therapeutic course. Five established liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography (GC)-MS methods ...

Sulfur mustard or mustard gas (HD) and its monofunctional analog, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), or "half-mustard gas," are alkylating agents that induce DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation. HD/CEES are rapidly absorbed in the skin causing extensive injury. We hypothesize that antioxidant liposomes that deliver both water-soluble and lipid-soluble antioxidants protect skin cells...

Background: Sulfur mustard is one of the chemical warfare gases that has been known as a vesicant or blistering agents. It is a chemical alkylating compound agent that can be frequently absorbed through skin, respiratory system, genital tract, and ocular system. This study was done to pathologically analyze the microscopic pancreatic lesions in cadavers. Methods: This case series study was perf...

s NOORT, D., FIDDER, A., HULST, A.G., and LANGENBERG, J.P. (2002) Low level exposure to sulfur mustard: development of an SOP for analysis of albumin and/or hemoglobin adducts. Book of abstracts of the 2002 Medical Defense Bioscience Review, June 2002, Hunt Valley, MD, USA. VAN DER SCHANS, G.P., NOORT, D., MARS-GROENENDIJK, R.H., FIDDER, A. and LANGENBERG, J.P. (2002) Immunochemical detection o...

Administration of N-acetylcysteine may be effective in diseases caused by oxidative-antioxidative imbalance. We aimed to determine the effect administration for 4 months of N-acetylcysteine (1200 mg daily) on sulfur mustard-induced bronchiolitis obliterans in patients with normal pulmonary function test. In a double-blind clinical trial, 144 patients with bronchiolitis obliterans due to sulfur ...

The use of mutagenis to produce strains with desired characteristics including increased biosynthetic capacity is an established part of industrial research (Stauffer and Backus, 1954; Dulaney, 1955; Backus and Stauffer, 1955). Publications indicate that much of this work has been done with ionizing and nonionizing radiation. The mutagenic effect of mustard gas for Drosophila spp. (Auerbach et ...

Airway remodelling is characterized by the thickening and reorganization of the airways seen in mustard lung patients. Mustard lung is the general description for the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease induced by sulfur mustard(SM). Pulmonary disease was diagnosed as the most important disorder in individuals that had been exposed to sulfur mustard. Sulfur mustard is a chemical warfare agent...

the widespread use of sulfur mustard  (sm) as a chemical warfare agent in the  past century has proved its long-lasting toxic effects. despite a lot of research over the past decades on iranian veterans, there are still major gaps in the sm literature. transforming growth  factor  (tgf-β),  a  cytokine  that  affects  many  different  cell processes,  has  an important role in the lungs of pati...

background: statins have anti-inflammatory effects in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). this study designed to evaluate the effects of atorvastatin on serum highly sensitive c-reactive protein (hs-crp) and pulmonary function in sulfur mustard exposed patients with copd. materials and methods: fifty patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to sulfur musta...

bronchiolitis obliterans (bo) is the most remarkable pulmonary sequels of war-related sulfur mustard inhalation. there is little if any data about long-term efficacy of associated bo treatment. five years spirometric records of three groups of patients with obstructive pulmonary diseases (asthma, copd, bo) and documented sulfur mustard inhalation were evaluated. the bo patients were treated wit...