Substrate (or solute)-binding proteins (SBPs) selectively bind the target ligands and deliver them to ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport system for their translocation. Irrespective of different types ligands, SBPs are structurally conserved. A wealth structural details bound physiological basis import available; however, uptake mechanism nucleotides is still deficient. In this study, we eluc...

The retro-analogue of glutathione disulfide was bound to the GSSG binding site of crystalline glutathione reductase. The binding mode revealed why the analogue is a very poor substrate in enzyme catalysis. The observed binding mode difference between natural substrate and retro-analogue is explained.

S 5627 is a synthetic analogue of chlorogenic acid. S 5627 is a potent linear competitive inhibitor of glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) hydrolysis by intact microsomes (Ki 5 41 nM) but is without effect on the enzyme in detergentor NH4OH-disrupted microsomes. H-S 5627 was synthesized and used as a ligand in binding studies directed at characterizing T1, the Glc-6-P transporter. Binding was evaluat...

Protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) is a key multi-domain protein folding catalyst in the endoplasmic reticulum. The b' domain of PDI is essential for the non-covalent binding of incompletely folded protein substrates. Earlier, we defined the substrate binding site in the b' domain of human PDI by modelling and mutagenesis studies. Here, we show by fluorescence and NMR that recombinant human PDI...

Amino acid residues in the metal-binding and putative substrate-binding sites of Escherichia coli methionine aminopeptidase (MAP) were mutated, and their effects on the function of the enzyme were investigated. Substitution of any amino acid residue at the metal-binding site resulted in complete loss of the two cobalt ions bound to the protein and diminished the enzyme activity. However, only C...

Mdm2 (murine double minute 2)-mediated ubiquitination of the p53 tumour suppressor requires interaction of the ligase at two distinct binding sites that form general multiprotein-docking sites for the p53 protein. The first Mdm2-binding site resides in the transactivation domain of p53 and is an allosteric effector site for Mdm2-mediated p53 ubiquitination; the second site requires the acid dom...

Intramembrane proteases execute fundamental biological processes ranging from crucial signaling events to general membrane proteostasis. Despite the availability of structural information on these proteases, it remains unclear how these enzymes bind and recruit substrates, particularly for the Alzheimer’s diseaseassociated c-secretase. Systematically scanning amyloid precursor protein substrate...

Although serine proteases are found ubiquitously in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and they comprise the largest of all of the peptidase families, their dynamic motions remain obscure. The backbone dynamics of the coagulation serine protease, apo-thrombin (S195M-thrombin), were compared to the substrate-bound form (PPACK-thrombin). R1, R2, 15N-{1H}NOEs, and relaxation dispersion NMR experimen...

Substrate binding by the SCFCdc4 ubiquitin ligase is regulated by phosphorylation. In this issue of Cell, Orlicky et al. describe the crystal structure of the Cdc4 subunit bound to a high-affinity substrate phosphopeptide. This structure provides insights into the binding interaction and how a precise mechanism involving multiple regulatory phosphorylations may be mediated by a single binding s...