Persons experiencing pain, whether acute or chronic, seek and deserve relief from their discomfort and loss of function. However, opioid analgesics have the capacity to induce tolerance, physical dependence, and addiction. Furthermore, persons with a history of opioid use disorders or other substance misuse problems are at "high risk" when they acquire painful conditions requiring aggressive tr...

BACKGROUND Research demonstrates that individuals in substance abuse treatment are more likely to die from tobacco addiction than from their primary addiction, yet historically substance abuse treatment has not included treatment for tobacco addiction. The purpose of our study was to (1) review the diffusion of state policies mandating the provision of tobacco cessation treatment as a condition...

The Department of Defense (DoD) is publishing this final rule to remove the exclusion of drug maintenance programs and allow TRICARE coverage of the substitution of a therapeutic drug, with addictive potential, for a drug of addiction when medically necessary and appropriate as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for an individual with substance use dependence. The current regulation prohibi...

Objective: Personality is the most important infrastructure factor in addiction, and substance abusers have certain personal weaknesses that make them vulnerable to addiction. This study examined the role of sensation-seeking and coping strategies in predicting drug addiction in high school students.  Methods: This study is a descriptive–correlational research. Multi-stage cluster sampling w...

Why Addiction Science & Clinical Practice? The last 20 years have brought two major changes in the field of addiction. First, the US Institute of Medicine (IOM) encouraged recognition of a spectrum of alcohol and other drug use that affects health and is not limited to those with the highest severity [1]. Unhealthy use (the spectrum from use that risks consequences through addiction [2]) among ...

The purpose of the current study is to review causes and consequences technology addiction. With conceptual descriptive intent, scope addiction, its similarities differences with other addictions, addiction have been examined. It has determined that substance addictions differ from due their destructive consequences. Internet, game, smartphone, social networking sites are most prominent types P...

N Engl J Med 2003;349:975-86. Copyright © 2003 Massachusetts Medical Society. rug addiction is a chronic, relapsing disorder in which compulsive drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior persists despite serious negative consequences. Addictive substances induce pleasant states (euphoria in the initiation phase) or relieve distress. Continued use induces adaptive changes in the central nervous syst...

Addiction is characterized by loss of control over substance use, often operationally defined as continued use of substances despite knowledge of adverse consequences. The exact cause of addiction is not known, but it’s hypothesized that both environmental and genetic factors play a crucial role in the predisposition of this disease. When an individual abruptly stops using a drug or an addictiv...

background addiction is a community problem, which has a negative effect on mental health and huge burden on society. previous studies clarify the role of substance abuser attitude on addiction.this study aimed to evaluate the effect of psycho education on attitude to drug addiction in patients with opioid dependency. material and methods total 40 patients (age18-45 years old), who have been re...