The primary nitrite (NO2?) maximum (PNM) is a typical feature of oceanic nitrogen (N) cycle, yet its characterization in the world ocean remains gap. By combining natural abundance NO2? isotopes with geochemical model, we report for first time that formation Arctic and subarctic PNMs dominated by ammonia oxidation, while oxidation main sink. Notably, plays more important role waters than low- m...

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP). Please refer to the corresponding final paper in ACP if available. Abstract This study is the most extensive study to date on the transport of mercury to the Arc-tic. Moreover, it is the first such study to use a fully-coupled, online chemical tra...

The genus Diphasiastrum includes at least 23 species distributed primarily across the northern temperate and subarctic areas of the world. These plants produce an array of lycopodium alkaloids, and some species such as Diphasiastrum complanatum have been used in traditional medicine for ages for various conditions. Hybridization is common in this group of plants and they have always been a chal...

Hudson Bay (HB), a large subarctic inland sea, is impacted by rapid climate change and anthropogenic disturbance. HB plays crucial roles in supporting resident migratory species of birds marine mammals, providing subsistence to coastal communities, exporting nutrients into the western Labrador Sea. To better constrain impact river on ecosystem obtain contemporary reference point which future ca...

The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups of 54 full-blooded modern and 64 ancient Native Americans from northwestern North America were determined. The control regions of 10 modern and 30 ancient individuals were sequenced and compared. Within the Northwest, the frequency distribution for haplogroup A is geographically structured, with haplogroup A decreasing with distance from the Pacific Coa...