Previous psycholinguistic research has shown that a variety of contextual factors can influence the interpretation of syntactically ambiguous structures, but psycholinguistic experimentation inherently does not allow for the investigation of the role that these factors play in natural (uncontrolled) language use. We use regression modeling in conjunction with data from the British National Corp...

aim and background: the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive intelligence and ambiguity tolerance with entrepreneurship of west azarbayjan payam noor university students, iran. methods and materials: this cross-sectional correlational research was conducted during 2010-2011 academic years. 1122 student (672 female and 450 male) were selected using stratifi...

This paper is concerned with two related issues in sentence processing--one methodological and one theoretical. Methodologically, it provides an unconfounded test of the ability of the cross-modal lexical priming task, when used appropriately, to provide detailed evidence about the time-course of antecedent reactivation during sentence processing. Theoretically, it provides a study of the natur...

The objective of this paper is to show how ambiguity, and a decision maker (DM)’s response to it, can be modelled formally in the context of a general decision model. We introduce a relation derived from the DM’s preferences, called ‘‘unambiguous preference’’, and show that it can be represented by a set of probabilities. We provide such set with a simple differential characterization, and argu...

Assignment of nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) data is a key bottleneck in structure determination by NMR. NOE assignment resolves the ambiguity as to which pair of protons generated the observed NOE peaks, and thus should be restrained in structure determination. In the case of intersubunit NOEs in symmetric homo-oligomers, the ambiguity includes both the identities of the protons within a subu...

According to the well-known distinction attributed to Knight (1921), there are two kinds of uncertainty. The first, called “risk,” corresponds to situations in which all events relevant to decision making are associated with obvious probability assignments (which every decision maker agrees to). The second, called “(Knightian) uncertainty” or (following Ellsberg (1961)) “ambiguity,” corresponds...

In second language learning, cloze tests (also known as fill-in-the-blank tests) are frequently used for assessing the learning progress of students. While preparation effort for these tests is low, scoring needs to be done manually, as there usually is a huge number of correct solutions. In this paper, we examine whether the ambiguity of cloze items can be lowered to a point where automatic sc...