*Correspondence: yaobingxue@163.com School of Mathematics Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China Abstract In order to generalize the notions of a (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy subring and various (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy ideals of a ring, a (λ,μ)-fuzzy subring and a (λ,μ)-fuzzy ideal of a ring are defined. The concepts of (λ,μ)-fuzzy semiprime, prime, semiprimary and primary ideals are introdu...

We give an elementary proof that for a ring homomorphism A → B satisfying the property that every ideal in A is contracted from B the following property holds: for every chain of prime ideals p0 ⊂ . . . ⊂ pr in A there exists a chain of prime ideals q0 ⊂ . . . ⊂ qr in B such that qi ∩ A = pi. Mathematical Subject Classification (1991): 13B24. Let A and B be commutative rings and let φ : A → B b...

We exhibit the elementary but somewhat surprising property that most direct links of prime ideals in Gorenstein rings are equimultiple ideals. It leads to the construction of a bountiful set of Cohen–Macaulay Rees algebras.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept graded 2-prime ideals as a new generalization prime ideals. We show that and semi-prime are different. Furthermore, we weakly also Several properties investigated. study rings in which every ideal prime, call such ring 2-P-ring. Moreover, semi-primary ideals, different concepts. In fact, semi-primary, primary equivalent over Z-graded princip...

The notions of prime(semiprime) fuzzy h-ideal(h-biideal, h-quasi-ideal) in Γ-hemiring are introduced and some of their characterizations are obtained by using ”belongingness(∈)” and ”quasi − coincidence(q)”. Cartesian product of prime(semiprime) fuzzy h-ideals of Γ-hemirings are also investigated. Keywords—Γ-hemiring, Fuzzy h-ideals, Prime fuzzy left h-ideal, Prime(semiprime) (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy lef...

in a commutative noetherian local complex normed algebra which is complete in its m-adic metric there are only finitely many closed prime ideals.