For a nonempty set S of vertices in a strong digraph D, the strong distance d(S) is the minimum size of a strong subdigraph of D containing the vertices of S. If S contains k vertices, then d(S) is referred to as the k-strong distance of S. For an integer k > 2 and a vertex v of a strong digraph D, the k-strong eccentricity sek(v) of v is the maximum k-strong distance d(S) among all sets S of k...

Background: Sucralose is an ideal food sweetener and sucrose-6-acetate (s-6-a) is a key intermediate for synthesis of sucralose. Synthesis of s-6-a was studied by free fructosyltransferase (FTase) from Aspergillus oryzae. Because of the limitations of free enzyme in stability and reusability, a FTase obtained from the new isolated Aspergillus sp. GX-0010 was immobilized and inv...

We present Vortex a new family of one way hash functions that can produce message digests of 256 bits. The main idea behind the design of these hash functions is that we use well known algorithms that can support very fast diffusion in a small number of steps. We also balance the cryptographic strength that comes from iterating block cipher rounds with SBox substitution and diffusion (like Whir...

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of covalently bound organic molecules are rapidly becoming an integral part of organic electronic devices. There, SAMs are employed to tune the work function of the inorganic electrodes in order to adjust the barriers for charge-carrier injection into the active organic layer and thus minimize undesired onset voltages. Moreover, in the context of molecular elect...

Abstract We systematically study the mass spectrum and strong decays of S-wave $${\bar{c}}{\bar{s}} q q$$ c ¯ s q states in compact tetraquark scenario with quark model. The key ingredients model are Coulomb, li...

A Substitution box (S-box) is an important component used in symmetric key cryptosystems to satisfy Shannon’s property on confusion. As the only nonlinear operation, S-box must be cryptographically strong thwart any cryptanalysis tools cryptosystems. Generally, S-boxes can constructed using of following approaches: random search approach, heuristic/evolutionary approach or mathematical approach...

BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is a highly versatile pathogen of a large number of domestic ani- mals, including avian species. There is limited information about S. aureus isolated from companion and wild birds in Iran. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine drug resistance and random-amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD-P...