The present study investigated the effect of passivation on the kinetics of interfacial mass transport by measuring stress relaxation in electroplated Cu films with four different cap layers: SiN, SiC, SiCN, and a Co metal cap. Stress curves measured under thermal cycling showed different behaviors for the unpassivated and passivated Cu films, but were essentially indifferent for the films pass...

Stress relaxation experiments are reported that culminate in energetic failure in rocks analogous to the loading cycle and subsequent localization or reactivation on brittle faults embedded in an elastic medium. Universally, rapid primary deformation arrests and transitions into a long secondary deformation phase that ultimately accelerates to catastrophic rupture. Primary deformation (u) confo...

We have investigated stress evolution in dilute nitride GaAs1−xNx alloy films grown by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. For coherently strained films sx,2.5% d, a comparison of stresses measured via in situ wafer curvature measurements, with those determined from x-ray rocking curves using a linear interpolation of lattice parameter and elastic constants, suggests significant bowing of t...

Stress relaxation behavior of hydrated gluten networks was investigated by means of rheometry combined with μ-computed tomography (μ-CT) imaging. Stress relaxation behavior was followed over a wide temperature range (0– 70 °C). Modulation of intermolecular bonds was achieved with urea or ascorbic acid in an effort to elucidate the presiding intermolecular interactions over gluten network relaxa...

Accurate joint models require the ability to predict soft tissue behavior. This study evaluates the ability of constitutive equations to predict the nonlinear and viscoelastic behavior of tendon and ligament during stress relaxation testing in a porcine model. Three constitutive equations are compared in their ability to model relaxation, recovery and reloading of tissues. Quasi-linear viscoela...

BACKGROUND Infertility causes psychological and emotional tension in the couples and makes severe stress on infertile men and women. Relaxation technique is one of the methods that reduces the stress and can balance the human's emotions. This study aimed to determine the effect of relaxation on the infertile women's stress score. METHODS This was a semi-experimental and clinical trial study. ...

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In structures, stress concentration is a factor of fatigue fracture. Basically, the stress concentration is a phenomenon that should be avoided. However, it is difficult to avoid the stress concentration. Therefore, relaxation of the stress concentration is important. The stress concentration arises from notches and circular holes. There is a relaxation method that a composite patch covers a no...

Stress relaxation in strained-Si MOSFETs can be significant in the presence of compressive stress imposed by trench isolation, especially for highly scaled active regions. Stress of the strained region is reduced by ∼2/3 when the active region is scaled from Lactive=0.4 μm to 0.1 μm. Mobility can be lower by 50 % for narrow active widths resulting from the strain relaxation. The strain relaxati...