This paper contains the motivation for the study of critical surfaces in [2]. In that paper, the only justification given for the definition of this new class of surfaces is the strength of the results. However, when viewed as the topological analogue to index 2 minimal surfaces, critical surfaces become quite natural.

Bacteroides fragilis, a human gastrointestinal commensal and an opportunistic pathogen, utilizes simple and complex sugars and polysaccharides for growth in the large intestine and at sites of infection. Because B. fragilis lacks transport-linked sugar phosphorylation systems, cytoplasmic kinase(s) was expected to be required for the phosphorylation of hexoses and hexosamines. We have now ident...

GM2 gangliosidoses are autosomal recessive lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) caused by mutations in the HEXA, HEXB and GM2A genes, which encode the human lysosomal β-hexosaminidase (Hex) α- and β-subunits, and GM2 activator protein (GM2A), respectively. These diseases are associated with excessive accumulation of GM2 ganglioside (GM2) in the brains of patients with neurological symptoms. Here w...

In the title compound, C36H31NO4, two spiro links connect the methyl-substituted pyrrolidine ring to the ace-naphthyl-ene and cyclo-hexa-none rings. The cyclo-hexa-none ring is further connected to the dioxalane ring by a third spiro junction. The five-membered ring of the ace-naphthylen-1-one ring system adopts a flattened envelope conformation with the ketonic C atom as flap, whereas the diox...

2014 We report the isobaric binary phase diagram for two disc-like mesogens, hexa-n-octyloxytriphenylene and hexa-n-octanoyloxytriphenylene, which was studied by means of optical texture observations, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction measurements. They all confirm the presence of a direct transition between an hexagonal ordered columnar phase and a rectangular disordered ...

BACKGROUND Fluorescence photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) cystoscopy is gaining credence in the diagnosis and surveillance of bladder cancer. It combines normal white light cystoscopy with periodic blue light examination of the bladder pre-instilled with a tumour selective porphyrin, hexa-aminolevulinic acid (hexa-ALA).1 This method detects areas of fluorescent tissue suggestive of tumour or carcino...

Common metrics for evaluating the efficiency of oxygen delignification include the kappa number and Klason lignin content. As a change in xylan content often leads to a change in HexA content, the kappa number must be corrected for the HexA contribution before evaluating the degree of oxygen delignification when trying to understand the process in detail. Questions could also be raised about th...

In the title compound, K[Ag(C(11)H(12)N(2))(2)](2)(PF(6))(3), the 12-coordinate potassium cation lies on a crystallographic twofold axis and one of the hexa-fluoro-phosphate anions is generated by symmetry. In the complex cation, the Ag(I) ion is coordinated by two C atoms; the two imidazolium rings are orientated at a dihedral angle of 8.14 (14)°. In the 1-benzyl-3-methyl-imidazolium units, th...

In the title compound, C(26)H(30)O(7), one atom in the cyclo-hexa-none ring is disordered over two positions with a site-occupancy ratio of 0.871 (6):0.129 (6). The dihedral angles formed between the mean plane through the six C atoms of the major component of the cyclo-hexa-none ring and two benzene rings are 35.09 (10) and 34.21 (10)°; the corresponding angles for the minor component are 20.1...

The crystal structure of di-chlorido-(4,10-dimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetra-aza-bicyclo-[5.5.2]tetra-deca-ne)chromium(III) hexa-fluorido-phosphate, [CrCl2(C12H26N4)]PF6, (I), has monoclinic symmetry (space group P21/n) at 150 K. The structure of the related di-chlorido-(4,11-dimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetra-aza-bicyclo-[6.6.2]hexa-deca-ne)chromium(III) hexa-fluorido-phosphate, [CrCl2(C14H30N4)]PF6, (II), also di...