Cytokines, small proteins released by the immune system to combat infection, are typically studied under inflammatory conditions. However, these molecules are also expressed in the brain in basal, nonpathological states, where they can regulate neuronal processes, such as learning and memory. However, little is known about how cytokine signaling in the brain may influence higher-order cognitive...

Fan et al. (Ann Stat 47(6):3009–3031, 2019) constructed a distributed principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm to reduce the communication cost between multiple servers significantly. However, their algorithm’s guarantee is only for sub-Gaussian data. Spurred by this deficiency, paper enhances effectiveness of PCA utilizing robust covariance matrix estimators Minsker 46(6A):2871–2903, 2018)...

90 JAK-STAT Volume 1 issue 2 In this issue of JAK-STAT, we introduce a series of reviews overlooking the ever-expanding field of myocardial JAK-STAT signaling. The history of cardiac JAK-STAT research begins in the mid-nineties, when various groups began to focus their attention on how myocardial physiology was specifically regulated through JAK-STAT signaling. Interest in the area began to gro...

Patients with advanced cancer exhibit multifaceted defects in their immune capacity, which are likely to contribute to an increased susceptibility to infections and disease progression. We demonstrated earlier that curcumin inhibits tumor growth and prevents immune cell death in tumor-bearing hosts. Here we report that tumor-induced immunodepletion involves apoptosis of thymic CD4+/CD8+ single/...

Abstract Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with high social and health care system burden. Despite recent advances in UC treatment available drugs acting different signalling pathways related to the disease, there still significant proportion of non-responders who end up being overtreated exposed treatment's secondary effects. Therefore, it would be help...

The mucin-like glycoprotein episialin (MUC1) is highly overproduced by a number of human carcinomas. We have shown previously in a variety of mammalian cell lines that overexpression of this very large transmembrane molecule diminishes cellular adhesion, suggesting that episialin/MUC1 overexpression may play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. By using in situ hybridization, we ...

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been reported to stimulate myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in multiple cancers, but the molecular events involved in this process are not completely understood. We previously found that cancer-derived IL-6 induces T cell suppression of MDSCs in vitro via the activation of STAT3/IDO signaling pathway. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanism...

BACKGROUND Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is a major cause of heart failure in Latin America. Tissue therapy has been investigated as a possible therapeutic option for patients with cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effects of therapy with mesenchymal stem cells in an experimental model of chronic Chagasic cardiomyopathy. METHODS C57BL/6 ...

The serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor and the proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), have both been implicated in psychiatric disorders. Previously, we demonstrated that these molecules both facilitate cognitive flexibility, a prefrontal cortex-mediated executive function impaired in multiple mental illnesses. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that IL-6 influences 5-HT2A receptor si...