During the past 25 years, heparin extraction and purification processes have changed. The results of these changes are reflected by the continuous increase in potency of the International Standard for heparin. This increase is due not only to a higher purity, but also to a number of changes in the physico-chemical characteristics of heparin. For long time, all these changes have been disregarde...

BACKGROUND Occlusion of central venous catheters is one of the limiting factors in using them. Heparinized saline solution is the standard solution used for keeping the catheters open. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the effect of heparin saline solution and normal saline in maintenance of patency of central venous catheters. PATIENTS AND METHODS This double-blind study was perform...

CONTEXT The optimal unfractionated heparin regimen for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes treated with fondaparinux is uncertain. OBJECTIVE To compare the safety of 2 unfractionated heparin regimens during PCI in high-risk patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes initially treated with fondaparinux...

abstract background: thrombosis will occur due to contact of blood with unepithelialized surfaces after vascular clamping and also blood stasis during vascular surgery. heparin is administered to prevent thrombosis. the aptt test is used for assurance of the anticoagulative effect of heparin. at the end of the operation heparin is neutralized by protamine sulfate in some centers. in this study ...

results the infusion group had a lower plasma pai-1 level compared to the subcutaneous group at day 7 (11.3 ± 1.6 vs. 16.5 ± 4.2; p = 0.003). the urinary ngal level was lower in the infusion group at day 2 (131.3 ± 11.9 vs. 151.2 ± 20.6; p = 0.014); however, at day 7 the ngal level was decreased in the subcutaneous group as much as the infusion group and there was no significant difference betw...

Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are the standard agents used for antithrombotic therapy and prophylaxis. Despite their widespread use, reports about adverse effects from LMWHs are very scarce. Heparin-induced skin necrosis at the injection site is a rare adverse effect, more commonly associated with unfractionated heparin (UFH) rather than with LMWH, while its mechanism remains unclear. T...

Previously, indirect thrombin inhibitors such as unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin were used as a standard anticoagulation during percutaneous coronary intervention to prevent procedural thrombotic complications but at a risk of hemorrhagic complications. More recently, bivalirudin, a member of the direct thrombin inhibitor class, has been shown to have 1) predictable pharm...

BACKGROUND We compared the efficacy and safety of different dosages of a low-molecular-weight heparin, CY 216 D (Fraxiparine), in the treatment of submassive pulmonary embolism with unfractionated heparin in a prospective, randomized, dose-finding study. METHODS AND RESULTS The primary outcome was the evolution of pulmonary vascular obstruction. We enrolled 101 patients. Four patient groups w...

background: fatty acids are an important source of energy for muscle contraction, particularly during longtime exercise. the objective of this clinical trail study was to determination effect of heparin infusion on lipids metabolism during submaximal exercise. methods: forty boy students performed astrand ergometery protocol for 20-minute on cycle ergometer in two separate occasions. stage1 wit...

Background: During veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO), systemic anticoagulation is required to prevent thrombotic complications within the circuit and oxygenator. The unfractionated heparin (UFH) commonly administered as a standard anticoagulant, but in our institute recombinant human thrombomodulin (rhTM), instead of UFH, used an anticoagulant for VV-ECMO. In present stu...