PROBLEM There is concern in the aviation community that pilot schedules can lead to fatigue and increased chance of an aviation accident. Yet despite this concern, there is little empirical analysis showing the relationship between pilot schedules and commercial aviation accidents. This study attempts to demonstrate an empirical relationship between pilot schedules and aviation accidents. MET...

OBJECTIVE To assess the level of knowledge of primary school teachers in the public school network of Northeastern Brazil with respect to management of dental trauma and its relationship with prognosis. METHODS A questionnaire was applied to 195 school teachers of public schools in Northeastern Brazil. The questionnaire comprised 12 objective questions about dental trauma and methods for its ...

BACKGROUND The placement of medical research news on a newspaper's front page is intended to gain the public's attention, so it is important to understand the source of the news in terms of research maturity and evidence level. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We searched LexisNexis to identify medical research reported on front pages of major newspapers published from January 1, 2000 to Decemb...

OBJECTIVES To identify the prevalence of frailty among inpatient older adults in a clinical hospital and check the association of the socioeconomic and clinical characteristics with the state of frailty. METHOD Observational, cross-sectional and analytical study, conducted with 255 hospitalized patients. Materials used: structured instrument for the economical and clinical data and frailty ph...

This paper establishes monotonicity of the chi-square test statistic. As the more efficient parameter estimator is plugged into the test statistic, the degrees of freedom of the resulting chi-square test statistic monotonically increase.

Results from 3,263 QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-tube (QFT-GIT) assays were analyzed to determine the impact of age on test performance. The proportion of indeterminate results was significantly higher in pediatric and elderly (9.1% and 7.4%, respectively) than in adult (2.6%; chi-square test, P < 0.0001) patients. A detailed analysis of indeterminate QFT-GIT assay results is presented.

1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan 2Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan 3Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia 4Department of Occupational Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 7...

A variety of statistical methods can be used in small-area analysis to test whether there is more variation than would be expected by chance alone. However, the power of these methods to detect existing variation has never been studied. The authors used data regarding back surgery in Washington State to suggest several types of variation that might exist (alternative hypotheses), and then used ...

Brazilian immigrants comprise the third largest ethnic group within the Japanese population. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the factors associated with the prevalence of dental caries in Brazilian schoolchildren living in Japan. A total of 378 schoolchildren, aged between 6 and 14 years, attending Brazilian schools in Japan were included. Clinical data were collected acc...

OBJECTIVES The present study aims at evaluating the decentralisation of the leprosy control activities in the municipality of Betim, Minas Gerais, Brazil. DESIGN A quantitative study was undertaken using data from SINAN (Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação) and patient records. The study included 435 new cases registered and living in Betim. The pre (1995-2000) and post (2001-2005) dec...