The aim of this empirical study is to explore the trade-off model and pecking order model of capital structure. The investigation is performed using panel data procedures for a sample of 76 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2007-2010.The study employs OLS regression model in examining the capital structure of firms in Iran. The study employs variables reflecting differing theoretical...

the importance of smes in economic growth has made them a central element in recent policies. the business environment is becoming increasingly dynamic and competitive; this change is the reason why many firms are seeking new ways to innovation. this situation has made the innovation studies in smes highly important. this paper aims to identify innovative activities, barriers to innovation and ...

eco-innovation is an actual topic as it links two key issues, innovation and sustainability. theenvironmental respect and innovation are important drivers of competitiveness. firms are willing to knowwhat to do to improve their eco-innovative capacity. the objective of this paper is to empirically determinewhat common characteristics have the most environmental oriented innovative firms. we ana...

We propose a model in which industry conditions influence the relative advantages of new and established firms as innovators. Using a unique data set of commercialization attempts of inventions simultaneously at risk of commercialization by both new and established firms, we find that industry characteristics including the number of firms in the industry, the size of the market, the availabilit...

This paper estimates workers’ preferences for firms by studying the structure of employer-toemployer transitions in U.S. administrative data. The paper uses a tool from numerical linear algebra to measure the central tendency of worker flows, which is closely related to the ranking of firms revealed by workers’ choices. There is evidence for compensating differential when workers systematically...

Firms from emerging economies are rapidly becoming formidable competitors to established industry leaders from developed economies. Aside from anecdotal reports, there is little scholarly evidence concerning the operational details of how emerging economy firms are becoming competitive with developed economy firms. This article addresses the gap by building on the International Business, Strate...

By analyzing survey data from 1,211 firms across 14 industries in Shanghai, this study examines factors that influence information technology usage in Chinese firms applying a technology–organization–environment framework and institutional theory. This study provides an in-depth examination of governmental impact on Chinese firms’ IT adoption. Although government cannot directly influence firms...

In this paper, the contribution of information technology (IT) use to management performance is compared between Japanese, U.S., and Korean firms, based on an analysis using data from the “International Comparative Survey of Firms’ IT Strategies” (RIETI). The results reveal that Japanese firms have received positive effects from “mission critical systems,” which include routine business activit...

In the late 1990s, China’s industrial sector was dominated by state-owned firms. We document how this changed after 1998. More than 80 percent of the state-owned firms in 1998 were shut down or privatized by 2007. Among firms we classify as state-controlled in 2007, many were restructured and registered as private firms with a controlling share held by a stateowned conglomerate or were new firm...

This study examines the similarities and d@erences of outsourcing strategies of medium-sized manufacturing firms in the U.S. and Japan. Analyses of the questionnaire data, obtained from 234 Japanese firms and 94 American firms showed that: (I) Japanese Jirms tended to use more process-oriented R&D outsourcing, while American firms tended to depend on result-oriented R&D outsourcing; (2) Japanes...