Descriptions of Lower Devonian plants from Yunnan, South China, have revolutionized concepts of diversity and disparity in tracheophytes soon after they became established on land. Sichuan assemblages have received little attention since their discovery almost 25 years ago and require revision. With this objective, fieldwork involving detailed logging and collection of fossils was undertaken in...

The presence and abundance of pathogen inoculum is with host resistance and environmental conditions a key factor in epidemic development. Therefore, several spore-sampling devices have been proposed to monitor pathogen inoculum above fields. However, to make spore sampling more reliable as a management tool and to facilitate its adoption, information on infection efficiency and molecular tools...

Numerical, morphological, and topographical changes in the mitochondrial inventory (= chondriome) during the vegetative (= asexual) life cycle of Polytoma papillatum were examined by means of the serial-sectioning technique. At the onset of interphase the chondriome consists of primarily of one highly reticulated basket-shaped complex, which lines the periphery of the cell. Up to 3 additional f...

The taxonomic positions of three Gram-stain-positive, aerobic strains, designated YIM 75722, 75726 and 75728T, and isolated from a soil sample collected from Kurnool of Andhra Pradesh province, India, were assessed using a polyphasic approach. Growth was observed at pH 7.0-10.0 (optimum pH 7.0), 15-28 °C (optimum 28 °C) and 0-8 % (w/v) NaCl (grew without NaCl). Strains showed cylindrical spores...

We have detected the slime mold, Diachea leucopodia (GNU06-10) in a strawberry greenhouse located in Sancheong-gun, Gyeongnam. Typical fruiting bodies had developed gregariously on the strawberry leaves, petioles, and plant debris on ground soil habitat, and also surprisingly on plastic pipes and a vinyl covering. Field samples were examined via stereomicroscopy, light microscopy, and SEM for t...

During the process of spore formation in Bacillus subtilis many membrane proteins localize to the sporulation septum where they play key roles in morphogenesis and cell-cell signalling. However, the mechanism by which these proteins are anchored at this site is not understood. In this report we have defined the localization requirements for the mother-cell membrane protein SpoIVFA, which anchor...

1. We combined ecological surveys, life table studies, microscopy and molecular sequencing to determine the development, ecology, pathology and phylogeny of Polycaryum laeve, an endoparasite of cladocerans. We report the first records of P. laeve from North America, where we have used a polymerase chain reaction primer and microscopic examination to confirm infections in 14 lakes. Infections ar...

house and field experiments. Research to accomplish the above goals cannot be carried out in one laboratory, Rice (Oryza sativa L.) allelopathy has been on the research agenda and needs active collaboration among a wide range of for a decade. Now it is important to step back and look at its progress to enable priority setting for future research. This paper aims to do scientists, including biol...

ABSTRACT Mycelium of Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of potato late blight, can initiate crop infections over successive years by overwintering in infected potato tubers that survive as seed in fields or within cull piles. This study used four different genotypes of P. infestans to evaluate the influence of freezing temperatures on survival of mycelium in vitro. Sporangium-free myceliu...