l2 research has shown that instruction in l2 pragmatics is necessary. the current study evaluated the impact of explicit instruction on efl learner's awareness and production of three speech acts of request, apology, and complaint. it also probed whether learners’ language proficiency plays any role in incorporating pragmatic instruction into the l2 classroom. iranian undergraduate students maj...

few, if any, studies have investigated the effect of professional experience as a rater variable and type of assessment as a task variable on raters’ criteria in the assessment of speech acts. this study aimed to explore the impact of nonnative teachers’ professional experience on the use of criteria in monologic and dialogic assessment of 12 role-plays of 3 apology speech acts. to this end, 60...

managers in the organization require the right information to decide. sometimes those around the manager may avoid providing correct but disturbing information to the manager who may be deceived by the false praise. flattery destroys confidence and demeans the flattered. it also hurts the flatterer by destroying his or her credibility and integrity. in islamic and literary texts there are many ...

This paper reports 3 perception experiments on intonation groups and the role of phrasal intonation in the organization of speech prosody. The goal is to help unlimited TTS achieve better naturalness. Experiments were also designed to compliment previous extensive analyses of speech data. Using the PRAAT software and removing segmental information humming experiments of extracted intonation gro...