the present study seeks to investigate users’ perception and evaluation of the function of designed environments and highlights a deeper understanding of man-environment relationship. the study tries to answer the question: “is there any relationship between the physical features of environment and users’ perception and evaluation of the environment and their spatial behaviors?” such investigat...

during the twentieth century, with growing urbanization and machinical transportation development, and migration people to cites, many different natural attractive places come to distort by this pollution and in another way this kind of development without notice to the natural factors limitation, made lots of programs. the goles of this research recognite geomorphologic limitation, in physical...

the process of spatial distribution of urban services in order to provide equitable access to opportunities and reduced regional disparities, and earning the highest citizen satisfaction are among the main challenges facing urban management. this requires knowledge of the current status of spatial distribution of public services in the city, followed by optimal resource allocation under varying...

our main objective in the present study was to assess the spatial variation of chemical and physical water properties. prior to the design of groundwater quality monitoring networks, it is essential to investigate the spatial structure of the groundwater quality variables. a case study is presented which used ground water quality observations from groundwater domestic wells in the dameghan, ira...

Protected areas including national/state parks and recreational waters are excellent natural resources that promote physical activity and interaction with Nature, which can relieve stress and reduce disease risk. Despite their importance, however, their contribution to human health has not been properly quantified. This paper seeks to evaluate quantitatively how national/state parks and recreat...

abstract tehran, the largest metropolis of iran, due to specific physical, demographical, social, economical and cultural situations generates larger crime rate than other cities of iran. in central business district of tehran, which sits in the area no.12, and no.11 of tehran municipality, crime occurs more than other part of the city. this paper aimed at identifying the spatial distribution o...

The gathering of rural type in Guilan plains is a kind of planning for physical development of rural settlements that aims at changing dwellers' lifestyle from a dispersed to a semi-dispersed state. This change will reduce the problems and difficulties of villages. In addition, it is an optimal way to exploit the resources and facilities for making a desirable spatial organization for villagers...

We tested whether and how biases in visual perception might influence motor actions. To do so, we designed an interception task in which subjects had to indicate the time when a moving object, whose trajectory was occluded, would reach a target-area. Subjects made their judgments based on a brief display of the object’s initial motion at a given starting point. Based on the known illusion that ...

The current study tested fine discrimination of upright and inverted faces and objects in adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as compared to age- and IQ-matched controls. Discrimination sensitivity was tested using morphed faces and morphed objects, and all stimuli were equated in low-level visual characteristics (luminance, contrast, spatial frequency make-up). Participants with AS...