Conflict of interest: All authors are employees and equity holders in CogState Ltd, the company that develops and markets the CogSport computerised cognitive testing software.

due to deep, complex and everlasting interaction between precipitation and climatic elements-factors, there are changes and varieties in both time and space dimensions. so that climate experts and related scientists take their attentions to this phenomenon. an approach to do this kind of investigations is to describe spatial variations based on spatial statistics. in this paper the main object ...

participants and procedure We conducted longitudinal studies. The first assessment was conducted on a group of 977 individuals. Neurotic traits were measured using the NEO-PI-R inventory at the initial stage of the treatment. During the second stage (after a year), the participants were tested again using the NEO-PI-R inventory. Abstinence was assessed on the basis of an interview, and we selec...

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, important transformations have occurred in the age-at-death distribution within human populations. We propose a flexible nonparametric smoothing approach based on P-splines to refine the monitoring of these changes. Using data from the Human Mortality Database for four low mortality countries, namely Canada (1921–2007), France (1920–2009), Japan (19...

in different regions, precipitation takes place with different persistencies and every persistency supplies a share of rainfall days and precipitation. therefore, the importance of rainfall persistence could be evaluated in all places. iran is located in mid-latitude of an arid region, in which the mean rainfall is 250 mm and it has dramatic tempo-spatial changes. rainfalls with short persisten...

The clinical diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) can be challenging even to experienced clinicians. In the absence of a definitive clinical test, this diagnosis relies on behavioral criteria. Difficulty applying these criteria arise for four main reasons. First, FTD patients present with social and personality changes that defy the neuropsychological model of dementia. Second, FTD is not...

Formal assessment of cognitive decline with cognitive tests can be difficult, requiring either two measurement points or a comparison of 'hold' with 'don't hold' tests. Informant-based assessment provides an alternative approach because informants can adopt a longitudinal perspective and directly rate cognitive change. A study was carried out to assess the validity of informant ratings collecte...

We are interested in evaluating interactive retrieval systems from the user's perspective. In this paper, we introduce several user studies evaluating the cognitive change in users' knowledge by using concept maps. We also propose a platform for user studies, including analysis tools, task descriptions, evaluation tools, and data sets.

Debate continues about whether personality, both normal and disordered, can change significantly or is mainly stable across the life span. One issue that receives little attention is the degree to which personality stability coefficients may be influenced by attenuation due to measurement error. The current meta-analysis examines the data from recent research on personality stability, reporting...