Multi-parallel corpora provide a potentially rich resource for machine translation. This paper surveys existing methods for utilizing such resources, including hypothesis ranking and system combination techniques. We find that despite significant research into system combination, relatively little is know about how best to translate when multiple parallel source languages are available. We prov...

When automatic plagiarism detection is carried out considering a reference corpus, a suspicious text is compared to a set of original documents in order to relate the plagiarised text fragments to their potential source. One of the biggest difficulties in this task is to locate plagiarised fragments that have been modified (by rewording, insertion or deletion, for example) from the source text....

As already mentioned, most machine translation systems perform translation sentence by sentence. But even in the case of paragraph translation, the discourse structure of the target text tends to be identical to that of the source text. However, the sublanguage discourse structures may differ across the different languages, and thus a translated text which assumes the same discourse structure a...

The L A T E X 2ε source file of this paper was produced by converting a ChiWriter 3.16 source file into ChiWriter 4.0 file and then converting the latter file into a L A T E X 2.09 source file, which was manually edited for correcting numerous errors and for improving the appearance of the text. As a result of this procedure, some errors in the text may exist.

among the traditions concerning the signs of wisdom, there is a tradition related from imam al-ṣādiq (a.s.) introducing the person wearing a long beard, the signet of his ring, and his nickname, as indications of his lack of wisdom. while examining the sanad and text of this tradition, the article seeks to find out the real source of this saying and the various possibilities about the source an...

We present a software tool for examplet reuse. We define examplets to be goal-directed snippets of source code, often written for tutorial purposes, that show how to use program library facilities to achieve some task. Our tool allows users to specify both their goal (in free text) and their ‘situation’ (the source code on which they are working). The system combines text retrieval and spreadin...

The traditional representation of a program as a linear sequence of text forces a particular style of program construction to ensure good programming practice. Tools such as syntax directed editors, compilers, linkers and file managers are required to translate and execute these linear sequences of text. At some stage in the execution sequence the source text is checked for type correctness and...