It is investigated how much energy can be delivered by a streaming current source. A streaming current and subsequent streaming potential originate when double layer charge is transported by hydrodynamic flow. Theory and a network model of such a source is presented and initial experimental results are given, showing a supplied power of 20 nW obtained by a pressure difference of 1 atm over a gl...

Hydraulic models of sewer systems are commonly used to predict the risk of urban looding. However, suitable calibration datasets in lood conditions are scarce. The quantiication of energy losses within manhole structures is a current source of uncertainty within such models. To address this gap, a scaled physical manhole model is used to quantify hydraulic energy losses during surcharging and n...

A multi-channel implantable electrical stimulator is described based on wireless microcontroller CC2430. PWM conversion circuits to DAC and the voltage-controlled current source are designed, the latter of which is needed for electrical stimulator circuits. Through the multi-channel analogy switches, positive and negative pulses on the rat brain areas can be achieved. The positive and negative ...

An appreciation for the quasistatic approximations will come with a consideration of many case studies. Justification of one or the other of the approximations hinges on using the quasistatic fields to estimate the “error” fields, which are then hopefully found to be small compared to the original quasistatic fields. In developing any mathematical “theory” for the description of some part of th...

The advantage of this method involves controlling the flow of current through all the connections – especially those used to measure the voltage. The measurement current flows through one set of connections, usually those that are farthest apart. If these connections are resistive (i.e., the connections are poor) there will be significant voltage drop across them. However, this voltage drop doe...

The expressions for the electromagnetic field generated by an arbitrary current source in an anisotropic medium are calculated by the method of Fourier analysis. The radiation emitted by a charged particle moving in a helical orbit of uniform pitch in a magnetoionic medium is evaluated.

This paper describes the study of a simple two-branch current reference where the sum of branch currents (that is, the total current) is compensated with temperature. This approach is the most adequate when the reference must supply current in a charge with grounded or connected to voltage-supply end. The second-order thermal compensation of the reference current is analyzed here. The equation ...

We develop a theoretical model for a fluidic current source consisting of a via, a detour channel, and a push-up type micro-valve. The model accurately describes the non-linear behaviour of this type of device, which has been previously measured experimentally. We show how various structural parameters and material properties of the device influence the saturated flow rate and the minimum drivi...

TO THE EDITOR: Gratiy et al. (2013) proposed two alternative explanations for the nonbalanced current source density (CSD) estimates in Riera et al. (2012). Their commentary was based on a particular interpretation of the role played by the Ampere-Maxwell Law in the genesis of the electric fields for macroscopic media. In this Reply, we will provide further information to stimulate the debate i...

ABSTRACT This paper describes a realization of a bipolar current source developed by the paper authors. The source is intended for the application in galvanic and other industrial plants where pulse-reverse current supply is required (with the desired shape in time). A prototype of the device which provides the outcome current intensity up to ± 50 A, has been constructed. The hardware of the so...