The evolution of visual warning signals is well known in animals but has received scant attention in plants. The coevolutionary hypothesis is the most influential hypothesis on warning signals in plants proposing that red and yellow leaf colours in autumn signal defensive strength to herbivores. So far, evidence in support of the hypothesis, which assumes a coevolutionary origin of autumnal lea...

Sunna Kwun MD, Marc J Laufgraben MD MBA FACE FACP, Geetha Gopalakrishnan MD* Endocrine Fellow, Division of Endocrinology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Hallett Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, 900 Warren Ave, East Providence, RI 02914, USA Division Head, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Cooper University Hospital,...

AFFILIATIONS: Zhao, Maibach, Jo. wittE, KlinGEr, rowan, Ja. wittE, and PylE—george mason university, Fairfax, Virginia; Gandy—WltX, Columbia, south Carolina; cullEn—Climate Central, Princeton, new Jersey CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Xiaoquan Zhao, department of Communication, Center for Climate Change Communication, george mason university, 4400 university drive, ms 3d6, Fairfax, Va 22030 e-mail: xzha...

The effects of invasive nonnative species on community composition are well documented. However, few studies have determined the mechanisms by which invaders drive these changes. The literature indicates that many nonnative plant species alter light availability differently than natives in a given community, suggesting that shading may be such a mechanism. We compared light quantity (photosynth...

Five mobile offshore drilling unit disasters--Alexander L. Kielland, Ocean Ranger, Vinland, Ocean Odyssey, and Rowan Gorilla I--were studied to assess the degree to which seasickness occurs and endangers the lives of occupants of totally-enclosed motor-propelled survival craft (TEMPSC). Thousands of other peacetime marine incidents were reviewed and a literature search was conducted to assess t...