Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression in intestinal epithelial cells is associated with colorectal carcinogenesis. COX-2 expression is induced by numerous growth factors and gastrointestinal hormones through multiple protein kinase cascades. Here, the role of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and small GTPases in COX-2 expression was investigated. Anisomycin and sorbitol induced COX-2 expre...

Rabbit lenses were incubated in lowand high-glucose media in an attempt to evaluate the role of the sorbitol pathway in the production of this sugar cataract. The aldose reductase inhibitor, 3,3-tetramethylene glutaric acid (TMG), was employed to block sorbitol formation. Exposing lenses to high glucose leads to an initial linear increase in sorbitol content and lens water. During the first fou...

The goal of this work is to produce nanocomposite film with low oxygen permeability by casting an aqueous solution containing xylan, sorbitol and nanocrystalline cellulose. The morphology of the resulting nanocomposite films was examined by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy which showed that control films containing xylan and sorbitol had a more open structure as compared...

Osmotic shock and insulin stimulate GLUT4 translocation and glucose transport via mechanisms that are for the most part distinct yet convergent. In this article, we investigated the effect of osmotic shock and insulin on the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The MAPKs are activated by phosphorylation on conserved tyrosine and...

Small organic solutes, including sugar derivatives, amino acids, etc., contribute significantly to the osmoregulation of mammalian cells. The present study explores the mechanisms of swelling-activated membrane permeability for electrolytes and neutral carbohydrates in Jurkat cells. Electrorotation was used to analyze the relationship between the hypotonically induced changes in the electricall...

GMAC, a modified version of Sorbitol MacConkey medium (SMAC), was produced with a reduced quantity of selective agents and incorporated gentiobiose. GMAC supported a higher recovery rate of heat- or acid-injured Escherichia coli O157:H7 cells than SMAC with cefixime and tellurite (CT-SMAC), while differentiating E. coli O157:H7 from sorbitol-nonfermenting Hafnia alvei.

PURPOSE Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide, and of late, epidemiological studies indicate a preponderance of cataracts under obesity conditions. Although cataract is a multifactorial disorder and various biochemical mechanisms have been proposed, the influence of obesity on cataractogenesis has yet to be investigated. In such a scenario, a suitable animal model that develops cat...

The distribution of (59)Fe has been investigated in nonpregnant, pregnant and lactating rats and their young after injection of solutions containing a high molecular weight iron-dextrin complex (iron-dextrin, intravenously), and a low molecular weight complex of iron, sorbitol and citric acid (iron-sorbitol, intramuscularly), each labelled with (59)Fe. At different times after injection of a do...