An aerobic bacterium capable of breaking down the pesticide acephate (O,S-dimethyl acetyl phosphoramidothioic acid) was isolated from activated sludge collected from a pesticide manufacturing facility. A phylogenetic tree based on the 16 S rRNA gene sequence determined that the isolate lies within the Pseudomonads. The isolate was able to grow in the presence of acephate at concentrations up to...

[1] Highly organized vegetation patterns can be found in a number of landscapes around the world. In recent years, several authors have investigated the processes underlying vegetation pattern formation. Patterns that are induced neither by heterogeneity in soil properties nor by the local topography are generally explained as the result of spatial self-organization resulting from ‘‘symmetry-br...

Dormancy breaking and germination requirements were investigated in seeds of Ferula ovina and Ferula gummosa. Seeds of rather species were collected from north and eastern-north rangelands of Iran. Seeds of each of the species were subjected to different treatments including various levels of GA3, chilling and combination of GA3 and chilling (GA-chilling). In contrast to treated seeds, non-trea...

This paper introduces six ways for handling a chain of lexicographic ordering constraint between the origins of identical orthotopes (e.g., rectangles, boxes, hyper-rectangles) subject to the fact that they should not pairwise overlap. While the first two ways deal with the integration of a chain of lexicographic ordering constraint within a generic geometric constraint kernel, the four latter ...

Symmetry is an important feature of many constraint programs. We show that any problem symmetry acting on a set of symmetry breaking constraints can be used to break symmetry. Different symmetries pick out different solutions in each symmetry class. This simple but powerful idea can be used in a number of different ways. We describe one application within model restarts, a search technique desi...

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that produced naturally through various biological processes, including the decomposition of organic matter. Two common sources methane production are cow dung and paddy soil. Cow rich source matter widely used as fertilizer fuel. from occurs in rumen cows during digestion process, where bacteria present break down produce by-product. The major methanogens mem...

We introduce a new global constraint which combines together the lexicographic ordering constraint with some sum constraints. Lexicographic ordering constraints are frequently used to break symmetry, whilst sum constraints occur in many problems involving capacity or partitioning. Our results show that this global constraint is useful when there is a very large space to explore, such as when th...

We show that in theories with radiatively induced electro-weak symmetry breaking the EDMs obey a simple approximate scaling under the transformation m0 → λm0, m 1 2 → λm 1 2 in the large μ region. In the scaling region the knowledge of a single point in the MSSM parameter space where the cancellation in the EDMs occur allows one to generate a trajectory in the m0 −m 1 2 plane where the cancella...

Symmetry is an important problem in many combinatorial problems. One way of dealing with symmetry is to add constraints that eliminate symmetric solutions. We survey recent results in this area, focusing especially on two common and useful cases: symmetry breaking constraints for row and column symmetry, and symmetry breaking constraints for eliminating value symmetry.

The effects of physiological integration on clonal plants growing in aquatic and terrestrial habitats have been extensively studied, but little is known about the role in the extension of amphibious clonal plants in the heterogeneous aquatic-terrestrial ecotones, especially when the water environments are polluted by heavy metals. Ramets of the amphibious clonal herb Alternanthera philoxeroides...