background and aim: digits are suitable materials for hearing assessment of wide range of patients including children and adults with various language abilities. single monosyllabic 1-10 digits in triplet formant have been used for measuring speech recognition threshold in signal-to-noise ratio. the purpose of this study was to determine signal-to-noise ratio (snr) needed for 50 percent correct...

We investigate the issue of distributed receiver cooperation in a multiple-relay network with memoryless independent fading channels, where the channel state information can’t be obtained. The received signals at distributed receiving nodes are first compressed or quantized before being sent to the decoder via rate-limited cooperation channels for joint processing. We focus on the low SNR regim...

Objective: To develop and evaluate the Mandarin Quick Speech-in-Noise (M-Quick SIN) Test materials in mainland China. Design: Four parts were included in the experiment to (1) develop sentence materials and select equivalent sentences, (2) evaluate the reliability of the lists we grouped afterwards, (3) discuss the formula of SNR loss fitted for M-Quick SIN, and (4) quantify the classification ...

An Automatic Modulation Recognition (AMR) process using the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is presented in this work. The AMR algorithm involves the use of wavelet domain signal templates derived from digitally modulated signals that are used to transmit binary data. The signal templates, locally stored in a receiver, are cross-correlated with the incoming noisy, received signal after it has ...

The orientation of spatial attention via saccades is modulated by a pathway from the substantia nigra pars reticularis (SNr) to the superior colliculus, which enhances the ability to respond to novel stimuli. However, the algorithm whereby the SNr translates visual input to saccade-related information is still unknown. We recorded extracellular single-unit responses of 343 SNr cells to visual s...

The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), a major output nucleus of the basal ganglia, has been implicated anatomically, pharmacologically and physiologically in the generation of saccadic eye movements. However, the unique contribution of the SNr to saccade generation remains elusive. We studied the activity of SNr neurons while rhesus monkeys made saccades from different initial orbital pos...

Adaptive coded and modulation (ACM) is an effective measure to resist rain attenuation in Ka-band satellite communications. The accuracy of the estimator for signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is one of the main factors that affect ACM performance. This paper establishes the channel model of satellite communication in Ka-band and derives and analyzes data-aided (DA) maximum likelihood (ML) and method-...

We report the regions where a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain exceeding unity exists in a parallel uncoupled array of identical bistable systems, for both subthreshold and suprathreshold sinusoids buried in broadband Gaussian white input noise. Due to independent noise in each element of the parallel array, the SNR gain of the collective array response approaches its local maximum exhibiting a...