Baseline differences between patients without heart disease (HD) and with HD were assessed by the chi-squared test for categorical data. Quantitative data were tested for normality using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The t-test was used to test differences for normally distributed data; otherwise the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used. Clinical baseline data comparing these groups are visualized in...

3 Statistical methods 4 3.1 Wald-Wolfowitz test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.2 Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.3 Mean deviation tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.4 Aggregated F-test . . . . . . ....

In symbolic data analysis, the values of the variables can be, among others, intervals. The algebraic structure of these variables leads us to adapt dissimilarity ones to be able to study them. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion is used as a test selection metric for decision tree induction. For this criterion, the values taken by the explanatory variables have to be ordered. We have been interes...

Daniel R. Schmid,1 Sergey Smirnov,2 Magdalena Margańska,2 Alois Dirnaichner,1,2 Peter L. Stiller,1 Milena Grifoni,2 Andreas K. Hüttel,1,* and Christoph Strunk1,† 1Institute for Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany 2Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany (Received 1 August 2014; revised manuscript re...

This paper provides a test method to make a fair comparison between different heuristics in structure optimization. When statistical methods are applied to the structural optimization (namely heuristics or meta-heuristics with several tunable parameters and starting seeds), the "one problem - one result" is extremely far from the fair comparison. From statistical point of view, the minimal requ...

This paper presents two Bayesian alternatives to the chi-squared test for determining whether a pair of categorical data sets were generated from the same underlying distribution. It then discusses such alternatives for the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, which is often used when the data sets consist of real numbers.

The importance of normal distribution is undeniable since it is an underlying assumption of many statistical procedures such as t-tests, linear regression analysis, discriminant analysis and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). When the normality assumption is violated, interpretation and inferences may not be reliable or valid. The three common procedures in assessing whether a random sample of indep...

Besides the opportunity for discovering new neutrino physics, solar neutrino measurements provide a sensitive probe of the solar interior, and thus a rigorous test of solar model predictions. We present model independent determinations of the neutrino spectrum by using relevant flux components as free parameters subject only to the luminosity constraint. (1) Without the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfens...