Environment monitoring is performed using the sensor devices. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is constructed with a set of data collection units. Base station, sinks and sensor devices are used in the WSN. Power resources, bandwidth and storages are the limitations of the sensor devices. Sink nodes are used to collect data from a group of sensor devices. Many to one traffic pattern based data col...

Energy awareness is an essential design issue in wireless sensor network. Therefore, attention must be given to the routing protocols since they might differ depending on the application and network architecture. It is desired to design the energy efficient routing protocols to conserve the poser supply of sensor node and prolongs its lifetime. Recently sink mobility has been exploited in numer...

This research concerns the definition of an analytical model and protocols for determining the routes of a mobile data collector (sink) traveling through the nodes of a wireless sensor network (WSN). The routes are determined with the overall aim of maximizing the network lifetime. The contribution of our work is twofold. First, we introduce a novel mixed integer linear programming formulation ...

For many organisms, the reconstruction of source-sink dynamics is hampered by limited knowledge of the spatial assemblage of either the source or sink components or lack of information on the strength of the linkage for any source-sink pair. In the case of marine species with a pelagic dispersal phase, these problems may be mitigated through the use of particle drift simulations based on an oce...

In this paper some modifications are proposed to optimize an algorithm of object tracking in wireless sensor network (WSN). The task under consideration is to control movement of a mobile sink, which has to reach a target in the shortest possible time. Utilization of the WSN resources is optimized by transferring only selected data readings (target locations) to the mobile sink. Simulations wer...

Holt and Klee have recently shown that every (generic) LP orientation of the graph of a d-polytope satisfies a directed version of the d-connectivity property, i.e. there are d internally disjoint directed paths from a unique source to a unique sink. We introduce two new classes HK and HK* of oriented matroids (OMs) by enforcing this property and its dual interpretation in terms of line shellin...

Each year, terrestrial ecosystems absorb more than a quarter of the anthropogenic carbon emissions, termed as land carbon sink. An exceptionally large land carbon sink anomaly was recorded in 2011, of which more than half was attributed to Australia. However, the persistence and spatially attribution of this carbon sink remain largely unknown. Here we conducted an observation-based study to cha...

studies manipulating the source-sink relationships during post anthesis in wheat have shown inconsistent results, concluding that wheat yield could be either sinkor source-limited. the aim of this study was to determine source limitation degree of 36 iranian wheat cultivars andto investigate their intrinsic compensatory mechanism in response to source size reduction. a split plot design based o...

The distribution of cellular source-sink relationships plays an important role in cardiac propagation. It can lead to conduction slowing and block as well as wave fractionation. It is of great interest to unravel the mechanisms underlying evolution in wavefront geometry. Our goal is to investigate the role of the source-sink relationship on wavefront geometry using computer simulations. We anal...