introduction: β-globin gene cluster haplotypes are useful in diagnosis of particular molecular defects in β-thalassemia, prenatal diagnosis of β-thalassemia, and elucidating population affinities. methods: β-globin gene cluster haplotypes were studied in 150 β-thalassemia minor and 52 healthy in-dividuals from the fars province of iran. dna was extracted from leukocytes of whole blood by phe-no...

Single nucleotide polymorphisms cause amino acid change, and protein structure function are changed. Thus, the patient improves drug resistance does not respond to therapy. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet used for cardiovascular disease therapy such as heart failure, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction.CYP2C19 gene a CYP450 enzyme metabolizes clopidogrel. Polymorphism of CYP2C19 causes clopid...

The evolution of dispersal is a classical question in evolutionary biology, and it has been studied wide range mathematical models. A selection-mutation model, which the population structured by space phenotypic trait, with trait acting directly on (diffusion) rate, was formulated Perthame Souganidis [Math. Model. Nat. Phenom. 11:154–166, 2016] to study random toward evolutionarily stable strat...

Type II topoisomerases, including DNA gyrase (GyrA) and topoisomerase IV (ParC), contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance in Enterococcus spp. This study investigated the mutational status of quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) GyrA ParC clinical isolates enterococci from a hospital Baotou, China. We analyzed 110 enterococcal isolates, 57 faecalis 53 faecium. The rates E. faecium c...

In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. E 69, 046121 (2004)]], we used the Suzuki-Trottere formalism to study a quasispecies biological evolution model in a parallel mutation-selection scheme with a single-peak fitness function and a point mutation. In the present paper, we extend such a study to evolution models with more general fitness functions or multiple mutations in the parallel mutation-selection...

Background: Mutations of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene can cause congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens. Yet, the spectrum and frequency of CFTR mutations in Indian males with congenital absence of vas deferens (CAVD) is unknown. Materials and Methods: We investigated 50 Indian males, diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral absence of vas deferens at t...

the diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 gene (dgat1) was identified as a strong candidate gene affecting mutton quality traits in sheep. single nucleotide polymorphism creates a single base mutation (c to t) in agct site of endonuclease alui. dgat1 is one of the candidate genes to improve carcass characteristics in feedlot animals. in order to study area t487c in exon 17 of the dgat1 polymorphism,...

introduction: cleft lips and cleft palates are common congenital abnormalities in children. various chromosomal loci have been suggested to be responsible the development of these abnormalities. the present study was carried out to investigate the association between the suspected genes (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [mthfr] a1298c and c677t) that might contribute into the etiology of the...

Non-small-cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is sensitive to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). But little is known about the response to EGFR TKIs and the prognostic role of compound mutations. This study compared the uncommon EGFR exon 21 L858R compound mutations with single mutation to characterize EGFR compound mutations and investigated their respon...