We consider a general model of the sensori-motor loop of an agent interacting with the world. Here, we assume a particular causal structure, mechanistically described in terms of Markov kernels. In this generality, we define two σ-algebras of events in the world that describe two respective perspectives: (1) the perspective of an external observer, (2) the intrinsic perspective of the agent. No...

These notes discuss how to “simplify” an (n × n) matrix. From the point of view of the larger context of the course, the goal is to have a way to compute e for a given matrix A, which is useful in solving linear ODEs. This is a preliminary version. If you have any comments or corrections, even very minor ones, please let me know. Let us note that the definition of exponentials of matrices and t...

This study examines two possibilities of using the FLELex graded lexicon for the automated assessment of text complexity in French as a foreign language learning. From the lexical frequency distributions described in FLELex, we derive a single level of difficulty for each word in a parallel corpus of original and simplified texts. We then use this data to automatically address the lexical compl...

In this paper we present a readability assessment system for Basque, ErreXail, which is going to be the preprocessing module of a Text Simplification system. To that end we compile two corpora, one of simple texts and another one of complex texts. To analyse those texts, we implement global, lexical, morphological, morpho-syntactic, syntactic and pragmatic features based on other languages and ...

The paper investigates the problem of sentence readability assessment, which is modelled as a classification task, with a specific view to text simplification. In particular, it addresses two open issues connected with it, i.e. the corpora to be used for training, and the identification of the most effective features to determine sentence readability. An existing readability assessment tool dev...

In this paper we explore a Japanese news simplification task. We designed a Japanese news simplification task, constructed the data set for the task, and analyzed the manual simplification process. We designed the task focusing on sentence-level simplification, which is part of the process of manual simplification of Japanese news for non-native speakers. We constructed the data set consisting ...

We present a method for lexical simplification. Simplification rules are learned from a comparable corpus, and the rules are applied in a context-aware fashion to input sentences. Our method is unsupervised. Furthermore, it does not require any alignment or correspondence among the complex and simple corpora. We evaluate the simplification according to three criteria: preservation of grammatica...

Simple Wikipedia has dominated simplification research in the past 5 years. In this opinion paper, we argue that focusing on Wikipedia limits simplification research. We back up our arguments with corpus analysis and by highlighting statements that other researchers have made in the simplification literature. We introduce a new simplification dataset that is a significant improvement over Simpl...

In this contribution, linearized dynamic model of Cumulative Mass Fraction (CMF) of Potassium Nitrate-Water Seeded Continues Mixed Suspension Mixed Product Removal (CMSMPR) crystallizer is approximated by a simplified model in frequency domain. Frequency domain model simplification is performed heuristically using the frequency response of the derived linearized models data. However, the CM...

Complex models generated e.g. with a laser range scanner often consist of several thousand or million triangles. For efficient rendering this high number of primitives has to be reduced. An important property of mesh reduction – or simplification – algorithms used for rendering is the control over the introduced geometric error. In general, the better this control is, the slower the simplificat...