driven precast reinforced concrete piles (dprcp) is extensively used as a foundation for bridges constructed over canals in egypt in order to avoid the diversion of water canals. the objectives of this research include identifying the main activities of dprcp execution in the bridge-construction industry in egypt and the risk factors affecting them. in addition, assessment of the effects of the...

A fuzzy based method has been proposed for identification of probable capacitor nodes of radial distribution system. Simulated annealing technique has been used for final selection of the capacitor sizes. New fuzzy membership functions have been formulated where the active power membership is an exponential function of the nodal per unit active power and branch active power loss, the reactive m...

This paper presents a survey on zoning methods for handwritten character recognition. Through the analysis of the relevant literature in the field, the most valuable zoning methods are presented in terms of both topologies and membership functions. Throughout the paper, diverse zoning topologies are presented based on both static and adaptive approaches. Concerning static approaches, uniform an...

Functionality-based recognition systems recognize objects at the category level by reasoning about how well the objects support the expected function. Such systems naturally associate a \measure of goodness" or \membership value" with a recognized object. This measure of goodness is the result of combining individual measures, or membership values, from potentially many primitive evaluations of...

In this paper we continue to investigate the important parameter of global warming a heat wave that has no unique definition and represents the constellation of different factors such as e.g., heat index (temperature + humidity), time periods of excessive heat, etc. We find typical characteristics of heat indexes during different time periods, using most typical fuzzy expected values. Trapezoid...

In principle, we can have many different membership functions. Interestingly, however, in many practical applications, triangular and trapezoidal membership functions are the most efficient ones. In this paper, we use fuzzy approach to explain this empirical phenomenon.

In this paper we used a two-step procedure for the numerical translation of verbal frequency expressions of the response scale of a questionnaire (STAI-T). In an empirical study, 70 participants estimated numerical equivalents for verbal frequency expressions, data was modeled, and fuzzy membership functions were calculated. Results show that the scale’s visual arrangement does not influence th...

In this paper, the texture feature ”coarseness” is modelled by means of a fuzzy partition on the domain of coarseness measures. The number of linguistic labels to be used, and the parameters of the membership functions associated to each fuzzy set are calculated relating representative coarseness measures (our reference set) with the human perception of this texture property. A wide variety of ...