The aim of this work was to compare the joint kinetics and stroke production efficiency for the shoulder, elbow, and wrist during the serve between professionals and advanced tennis players and to discuss their potential relationship with given overuse injuries. Eleven professional and seven advanced tennis players were studied with an optoelectronic motion analysis system while performing serv...

Prior work has shown that cerebellar subjects have difficulty adjusting for interaction torques that occur during multi-jointed movements. The purpose of this study was to determine whether this deficit is due to a general inability to generate sufficient levels of phasic torque inability or due to an inability to generate muscle torques that predict and compensate for interaction torques. A se...

Introduction: The tensile properties of the shoulder ligaments under dynamic loading have not been investigated. A recent finite element model showed the ligaments in the shoulder were subjected to dynamic tensile loading during 8.65 m/s lateral shoulder impact [1]. The mechanical properties of shoulder joints under dynamic loading are needed to better understand shoulder injury mechanisms, to ...

This study investigated the correlation between the neck disability index (NDI) and visual analogue scale (VAS), which are indicators of neck pain, shoulder joint range of motion (ROM), and muscle strength in women with a slight forward head posture. This study was carried out on 42 female college students attending Uiduk University in Gyeongju, Korea. The neck pain and disability index for eac...

In children with brachial plexus birth palsy, the unopposed contraction of the shoulder internal rotators and adductors, secondary to weakness of the external rotators and abductors, leads to internal rotation contracture of the shoulder joint. Latissimus dorsi and/or teres major tendon transfers combined with open musculotendinous lengthening can improve shoulder function. Arthroscopic release...

A key feature of successful motor control is the ability to counter unexpected perturbations. This process is complicated in multijoint systems, like the human arm, by the fact that loads applied at one joint will create motion at other joints [1-3]. Here, we test whether our most rapid corrections, i.e., reflexes, address this complexity through an internal model of the limb's mechanical prope...

CONTEXT Application of cryotherapy modalities is common after acute shoulder injury and as part of rehabilitation. During athletic events, athletes may return to play after this treatment. The effects of cryotherapy on dominant shoulder proprioception have been assessed, yet the effects on throwing performance are unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of a cryotherapy application on sho...

nal is determined by puncturing the caudal pouch of the shoulder joint with a 5 cm long, 0.6-mm cannula. This cannula is inserted in the direction of the arthroscope tip.The working cannula with trocar is then inserted along the puncture canal into the shoulder joint. This triangulation technique has successfully been used for arthroscopic surgery in the shoulder joint, in particular for the tr...

OBJECTIVE To objectively evaluate the effect of transecting the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle (BBT), tendon of the infraspinatus muscle (IFS), or medial glenohumeral ligament (MGHL) on shoulder joint stability in canine cadavers. SAMPLE POPULATION 81 forelimbs from mature dogs. PROCEDURE Cadaver forelimbs were placed in a testing frame and axially preloaded with 4 kg of weight. Should...

This paper introduces a protocol for the measurement of shoulder movement that uses a motion analysis based technique and the proposed standards of the International Society of Biomechanics. The protocol demonstrates effective dynamic tracking of shoulder movements in 3D, including the movement of the thorax relative to the global coordinate system, the humerus relative to the thorax, the scapu...