How well an optimization algorithm satisses short-term and long-term goals, can be veriied using appropriate test functions, respective convergence measures, theoretical analysis, and simulations. This paper analyses the convergence behavior of the evolution strategy (ES) at the parabolic ridge function using the standard (1 + ;)-ES. Some further results are given for the case of more general r...

This paper proposes two new approaches for formant tracking using Fourier and wavelet ridges. The speech signal is decomposed into Time-Frequency representations issued from windowed Fourier transform and wavelet transform. Formant tracking is achieved by exploring ridges from time-frequency representation and imposing continuity constraints on formant trajectories. These approaches are validat...

Conventional metallic waveguides have several major advantages, including low propagation losses and high power transmissions in the microwave frequency range. One disadvantage of metallic waveguides is that the propagation frequency band is limited at frequencies above the cutoff frequency fc. The usable frequency range is therefore restricted to fc < f < 2fc, because the TE20 mode can exist i...

In order to categorize the global diffusion of supermarkets, the metaphor of waves is often used. This is a simplification, however, which obscures the fact that developments in the countries experiencing these waves of innovation are much more nuanced. This case study on the development of the Turkish grocery retail sector since the 1950s, shows how this development can be divided into differe...

In this contribution we discuss Higher Order Perturbation of Surfaces (HOPS) methods with particular application to traveling water waves. The Transformed Field Expansion method (TFE) is discussed as a method for handling the unknown fluid domain. The procedures for computing Stokes waves and Wilton Ripples are compared. The Lyapunov-Schmidt procedure for the Wilton Ripple is presented explicit...

Discrete waves, recorded from the ventral nerve photoreceptor, occur in the light and in the dark. Spontaneous waves, on the average, are smaller than light-evoked waves. This suggests that not all spontaneous waves can arise from spontaneous changes in the visual pigment molecule identical to changes induced by photon absorption. Spontaneous and light-evoked waves are statistically independent...

in western coast of gujarat destructive tsunamis have been generated from large earthquakes along the makran coast, chagos ridge and kutch region in the past. although the historical record is incomplete, it is believed that such tsunamis were destructive on the coasts of india, pakistan, iran, oman and sri lanka and possibly had significant effects on islands. the most significant tsunamigenic...

Detailed seismic investigation of an unusually intense earthquake swarm which occurred in the northern Gulf of California during March 1969 has provided new information about seismic processes which occur on actively spreading oceanic ridges and has placed some constraints on the elastic wave velocities beneath them. Activity during this swarm was similar to that of a foreshock-mainshock-afters...