We consider the inverse problem of array imaging of active sources (targets) in randomly inhomogeneous media, in a remote sensing regime with significant multiple scattering of the waves by the inhomogeneities. The active source emits a pulse that propagates through the inhomogeneous medium and is captured by an array of aperture a that is far from the source. We consider an analytical model fo...

Almost all published work on causal ordering mechanisms assumes theoretically unbounded counters for timestamps, thus ignoring the real-world problem that arises if one is actually interested in an operable implementation, since unbounded counters simply cannot be realized. An argument for its justification often encountered states, that the counter size can be chosen such that counters practic...

Clustered data arise in many scenarios. We may wish to fit a marginal regression model relating outcome measurements to covariates for cluster members. Often the cluster size, the number of members, varies. Informative cluster size (ICS) has been defined to arise when the outcome depends on the cluster size conditional on covariates. If the clusters are considered complete then the population o...

A full understanding of the characteristics of faults is crucial to several important research areas in testing and software maintenance. Applicable maintenance research areas include change impact analysis, maintainability, regression testing, and comparative evaluation of maintenance techniques. We explore the fundamental nature of faults by looking at the differences between a syntactic and ...

Background Foot morphology has received increasing attention from both biomechanics researches and footwear manufacturers. Usually, the morphology of the foot is quantified by 2D footprints. However, footprint quantification ignores the foot's vertical dimension and hence, does not allow accurate quantification of complex 3D foot shape. Methods The shape variation of healthy 3D feet in a popu...

Rock pools are dynamic and intermittently isolated habitats in the rocky intertidal. They can be used as model systems to provide a more general insight into the ecology of patchy habitats, which are less amenable to experimentation, such as islands and wildlife reserves. In the present study, a range of pools of differing sizes was selected at 2 vertical levels on the shore to assess the impor...

1 We explored geographical variation in the interaction between the elaiosome-bearing seeds of Helleborus foetidus and ant dispersers. We looked for correlation across nine Iberian localities, between diaspore traits and structural and functional characteristics of ant communities. 2 Mean diaspore traits did not show a distance-dependent pattern. Seed size-related traits (length, width, diaspor...

Long-baseline optical interferometers can now detect and resolve hot dust emission thought to arise at the inner edge of circumstellar disks around young stellar objects (YSOs). We argue that the near-infrared sizes being measured are closely related to the radius at which dust is sublimated by the stellar radiation field. We consider how realistic dust optical properties and gas opacity dramat...

We develop a domain-independent action selection mechanism for planning with sensing that does not build full contingent plans but just chooses the action to do next in a closedloop fashion. For this to work, the mechanism must be fast and informed. We take advantage of recent ideas that allow delete and precondition-free contingent problems to be converted into conformant problems, and conform...

Heat conduction in integrated circuits spans length scales across several orders of magnitude: From the lattice spacing at a few Angstroms to the substrate thickness at hundreds of micrometers. The smaller length scale becomes increasingly important in devices with feature size well below 100 nm. This paper provides an overview of sub-continuum electro-thermal transport. We use the phonon Boltz...