BACKGROUND Bacteria engage cell surface receptors and intracellular signaling molecules to enter the cell. Unc119 is an adaptor protein, which interacts with receptors and tyrosine kinases. Its role in bacterial invasion of cells is unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We used biochemical, molecular and cell biology approaches to identify the binding partners of Unc119, and to study the ef...

Shigellosis is a severe diarrheal disease that affects hundreds of thousands of individuals resulting in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Shigellosis is caused by Shigella spp., a gram-negative bacterium that uses a Type 3 Secretion System (T3SS) to deliver effector proteins into the cytosol of infected human cells. Shigella infection triggers multiple signaling programs that resu...

Leiguarda, Peso, and Kempny (1948) reported that no Shigella were isolated during their river water studies in Argentina, although 67 per cent of the samples showed Salmonella. Gispen and Gan (1950) also reported the frequent isolation of Salmonella from river water in Indonesia, but Shigella were not recovered. During a five-year study of irrigation water in Colorado, the present authors likew...

OBJECTIVES To assess the frequency of serogroups and serotypes, as well as the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella species isolated from known cases of diarrhoea and dysentery from Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2002 and March 2003 at Aga Khan University on stool samples received from children with diarrhoea and dysentery from fou...

Two patients are described who developed septicaemia with Shigella flexneri following renal transplantation. Pre-operative screening had not identified either patient as a chronic carrier of Shigella sp. The acute management and problems posed by unrecognized carriers amongst patients undergoing transplantation in areas of the world where Shigella is endemic, are discussed.

Shigella, a typical and fatal foodborne pathogen with strong infectivity survivability in foodstuff, demands simple sensitive detecting method. In this study, we reported novel nanoplatform based on biofunctionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) modified upconversion (UCNPs) for rapid specific determination of Shigella. Due to base pairing, Shigella aptamer-functionalized horseradish peroxidas...

Shigella boydii 13 strains are separable from other Shigella and Escherichia coli strains on the basis of DNA relatedness. From this observation, it was possible to confirm the existence of aerogenic S. boydii 13 strains. DNA relatedness studies also showed that strains of E. coli and strains representing all other serotypes of Shigella, including provisional strains, belong to the same genetic...

OBJECTIVES In this study, we wanted to assess the level of antimicrobial resistance, the presence of genes encoding resistance to cephalosporins and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR), and genetic relatedness among Shigella isolates obtained from Iranian patients. METHODS A total of 44 Shigella isolates were collected from Iranian patients admitted to Milad Hospital, Tehran, Iran, d...

Shigellosis causes diarrheal disease in humans in both developed and developing countries, and multi-drug resistance in Shigella is an emerging problem. Understanding changing resistance patterns is important in determining appropriate antibiotic treatments. This meta-analysis systematically evaluated aminoglycoside resistance in Shigella. A systematic review was constructed based on MEDLINE an...

Shigella infection, the cause of bacillary dysentery, induces caspase-1 activation and cell death in macrophages, but the precise mechanisms of this activation remain poorly understood. We demonstrate here that caspase-1 activation and IL-1beta processing induced by Shigella are mediated through Ipaf, a cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD...