Hemodynamic shear stress at the endothelial cell surface induces acute and chronic intracellular responses that regulate vessel wall biology. The cytoskeleton is implicated by acting both as a direct connector to local surface deformation and as a distribution network for mechanical forces throughout the cell; however, direct observation and measurement of its position during flow have only rec...

The endothelium has the capacity to modulate vascular structure in response to hemodynamic stimuli. We tested the hypothesis that exposure of the endothelium to increased laminar shear stress induces the expression of TGFp1 via a signal transduction pathway modulated by K+ channel currents. Although TGFp1 is normally secreted in a latent, inactive form, exposure of cultured endothelial cells to...

Endothelial cells (ECs) that line the inner surface of blood vessels are continuously exposed to fluid frictional force (shear stress) induced by blood flow, and shear stress affects the intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i), which initiates cellular responses. Here, we studied the effect of long-term exposure of shear stress on [Ca2+]i responses in cultured ECs by using a confocal laser microscope a...

BACKGROUND This study was aimed at developing a myocardial bridge-mural coronary artery simulative device and analyzing the relationship between shear stress on the mural coronary artery and atherosclerosis. METHODS A myocardial bridge-mural coronary artery simulative device was used to simulate experiments in vitro. In the condition of maintaining any related parameters such as system temper...

Shear stress due to blood flow is the most important force stimulating vascular endothelium. Acute stimulation of the endothelium by shear stress induces a vasodilatation mainly due to the release of nitric oxide (NO) among other relaxing agents. After a chronic increase in blood flow (shear stress), the endothelium triggers diameter enlargement, medial hypertrophy and improvement of arterial c...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Local factors may influence neointimal proliferation following conventional stent implantation. In this study, the relationship between wall shear stress and luminal loss after coronary stenting was assessed using a combination of angiography, intravascular ultrasound, and computational fluid dynamics. PATIENTS AND METHOD Seven patients with de novo right coronary ...

Cardiovascular complications such as hypertension are a continuous concern in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The PKD2 encoding for polycystin-2 is mutated in approximately 15% of ADPKD patients. Here, we show that polycystin-2 is localized to the cilia of mouse and human vascular endothelial cells. We demonstrate that the normal expression level and localiza...

In this paper dynamic damping properties of a nominated flexible structural adhesive have been identified using an extended-direct modal based joint identification method. It has been revealed that damping characteristics of adhesive are correlated to both frequency and mode shape. Young’s and shear moduli increase with frequency but damping on the other hand, decrease. The results showed that ...

Strength tests were performed to reveal the failure mechanisms of spot weld in lap-shear and cross tension test samples. It is shown the while the lap-shear (cross tension) sample is subjected to shear (normal) load at the structural level the failure mechanism at the spot weld is tensile (shear) mode at the materials level. Based on the observed failure mechanism, stress distribution is assume...

Comprehensive measurements of bedload sediment transport through a section of the Danube River, located approximately 70km downstream from Bratislava, Slovakia, are used to assess the accuracy of bedload formulae implemented in 1D modelling. Depending on water discharge and water level, significant variations in the distribution of bedload across the section were observed. It appeared that, wha...